First Year Teacher Efficacy and the Role Mentoring Support Plays Into It

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW1

Social Cognitive Theory1

Origin of the Theory3

Theory Concepts5

Self- Efficacy10

Teacher's Efficacy11

Evaluation of the Efficacy13

Teacher Efficacy and its Relationship with other Variables13

Application15

Sources of Self-Efficacy24

Factors Affecting Efficacy26

Dimensions of Self-Efficacy29

Induction and Mentoring30

The Challenge of Employability and the Need to Support31

Definition of Mentoring34

The Objectives of the Mentoring34

Evaluation of Mentoring Programs: An Effective Way to Support the Beginning Teacher34

Mentoring: The Benefits for the Teacher Experience36

The Reluctance and Objections to the Use of Mentoring37

Quality Mentoring and Role of a Mentor40

Applied Aspects of Design for Balance42

Conditions and Obligations Inherent in a Mentor's Role43

Induction Program for Beginning Teachers44

Beginning Teacher Challenges50

The Gap between Theory and Practice51

REFERENCES52

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

In the course of our lives, we humans are faced with an infinite number of decisions, problems and challenges. Despite statistics that tell us of the emotional and behavioral problems of individuals, most people, most of the time, is able to decide properly resolve their problems and overcome challenges. One of the most important psychologies is to understand how humans adapt and manage to overcome their daily challenges.

In the school environment, current theories that study postulated learning and instruction that students are active seekers and processors of information. Research indicates that students' cognitions influence the instigation, direction, strength and persistence of behaviors aimed at achievement. This paper aims to present an overview of social cognitive theory, self-efficacy theory, teacher Sense of Efficacy by Albert Bandura (1977, 1986).

Moreover, Beginning Teacher Challenges, beginning Teacher Induction & Mentoring, evaluation of Mentoring Programs, is beginning Teacher Attrition. The present, in turn, some research findings that have used this theory to explain the motivation and academic achievement students. A review on the literature threw light on the following to completely grasp the topic of teacher's efficacy and mentoring.

Social Cognitive Theory

Behaviorism, with its emphasis on experimental methods, focuses on variables that can be observed, measured and manipulated, and rejects everything that is subjective, internal and unavailable. In the experimental method, the standard procedure is to manipulate a variable and then measure their effects on another. All this leads to a personality theory which says that one's environment determines their behavior. (Bandura, 1986) The person who formulated the theory was Albert Bandura, who felt that this was a little simpler for the observed phenomenon (aggression in adolescents) and therefore decided to add a little more to the formula by suggesting that the environment causes behavior. This is true, but behavior causes environment as well. (Bey, 2005)

Bandura defined this concept with the name of reciprocal determinism: the world and the behavior of a person cause one another. Later, he went one step further. He began to regard personality as an interaction among three things: the environment, behavior and psychological processes of the individual. These processes consist in our ability to entertain images in our mind and language. From the moment you enter the imagination in particular, remain a strict behaviorist, and begin to approach the cognitive. In fact, it is usually considered the father of ...