ESSAYS

Essays

International phenomena; liberalism and realism

Liberalism

In politics, liberalism is, nowadays, an attitude that defends democracy and political freedoms. In the economic sphere, liberalism is a doctrine that advocates free enterprise and free market. The fundamental principle of liberalism is that there is a natural order which tends to drive the economic system toward equilibrium.

Liberalism is a philosophical, economic and political, which promotes civil liberties, is opposed to any form of despotism, raising the republican principles, being the current which underlie the representative democracy and separation of powers.

Its main features are:

The individualism considers the primary individual, as a unique and full exercise of freedom, above all collective aspect.

The freedom as an inviolable respect to various aspects: freedom of thought, expression, association, press, etc., whose only limit is the freedom of others, and must provide a guarantee against interference government in the lives of individuals.

The principle of equality among people, understood in regard to various legal and political fields.

It has the right to private property as a development and individual initiative and unalterable right to be safeguarded and protected by law.

The establishment of civil codes, constitutions and institutions is based on the separation of powers (Executive, Legislative and Judicial)

Realism

Realism began to appear moral doctrine in the first half of the nineteenth century, and took the crowd out in romance, but turned to prose, especially the stories and plays, while the romantic view has tended to the hair often. Realists make every effort to be objective to the maximum degree possible, but they are in trying to pick their topics and present them to avoid the impact of what they feel or think. Therefore, the deeper patterns of realism they have come as a result of surveillance and personal rule.

Political realism advocated a rather negative view of human nature, that man is selfish to the point that in general is willing to do anything, even hurting your neighbour in varying degrees, in order to satisfy their desires and seek their welfare.

Discussion

Liberalism is, in terms of international relations, common antagonist realism. It is characterized by its emphasis on non-state actors, the role of multinational corporations, to NGOs and humanitarian organizations (such as the ICRC, for example) or cooperation between states (such as the UN) of lobbies, etc. Liberalism is closely linked to the idealism current Kant to Woodrow Wilson, objecting to the contrary realism which focuses on the interests of States as common thread of the analysis of international relations.

Realism perceives the state as a supreme entity relevant and valuable. However, on this concept there is also a variable that determines the interest of equal importance, since the classical realism also challenges the immutability of the state itself as a historical product, and assumes that over time the body will also change, but keep protection of interest of this new organization, which reinforces the importance of national interest.

Modern world is not immune from the tide of realism, but it is not ...