DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL

Driving under the influence of Alcohol



Abstract

Considerable lab study shows that moderate doses of alcohol weaken a very broad variety of accomplished undertakings associated to driving skill in juvenile mature individuals. This paper will discuss and examine the effectiveness of the Blood alcohol concentration limit policy in the context of road traffic accident. The present study was conceived to analyze the degree to which one-by-one dissimilarities in driving ability mediate the power of impairment made by a moderate dose of alcohol in a assembly of juvenile mature individual drivers.

Acknowledgement

I would take this opportunity to thank my research supervisor, family and friends for their support and guidance without which this research would not have been possible.

Table of Contents

Page #

ABSTRACTII

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTIII

DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL1

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

Background1

Literature Review4

Road Traffic Accidents5

Road Traffic Accidents And The Young6

Approaches To The Problem And Prevention7

Alcohol Related Trauma Off The Road8

Alcohol And The Family10

Leisure Injuries11

Alcohol And Crime11

Alcohol In Aviation Accidents12

Alcohol And Work Accidents13

Effects Of Alcohol On The Outcome Of Trauma14

Problem Statement16

Aims and Objectives of the Study17

Aims17

Objectives17

Research Question17

Rationale of the Study18

CHAPTER 2: METHODS19

Electronic Searching19

Contacting Bac Professionals Through E-Mails20

Data Collection21

Inclusion Criteria23

Critical Appraisal Process28

Critical Appraisal Tool29

CHAPTER 3: RESULTS30

Vision31

Vigilance and Drowsiness33

Psychomotor Skills35

Information Processing35

Divided Attention Skills37

Summary42

CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION45

Conclusion54

REFERENCES57



Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol

Chapter 1: Introduction

Background

In Scotland in August 2006 a special publicity campaign was launched to warn people of the dangers of alcohol impairment in relation to fire. The campaign was targeted mainly at males aged 30-59, who, evidence suggests, are the group most at risk. The Chief Officer of Strathclyde Fire and Rescue stated that alcohol continued to be the single most important contributory factor in deaths from fire. In Strathclyde, 58% of fire deaths were alcohol related in 2005/6.

The association between alcohol use and accidental injury or death has been acknowledged for a long time. Alcohol is thought to contribute to 50 000 deaths per year and up to 500 000 hospital admissions annually in the UK. Thus, up to 40% of all hospitalisation relates directly or indirectly to alcohol. Accidental injury accounts for more than 25 000 deaths and more than 500 000 hospital admissions in the United Kingdom (UK) annually) Overall, accidents are the fourth leading cause of death but the leading cause of premature death and account for the greatest number of years of potential life 108t. An accident may be defined as an event without apparent cause, something unexpected. However, an accident may not be quite as random as it may first appear. Accidents have epidemiologies. They can be characterised, predicted and therefore potentially prevented. Accident causation however is complex, and there are many contributing factors; one of these without doubt is alcohol. (Steyvers 1996: 46-50)

The recorded use of alcohol as both 'gift' and 'curse' is frequently mentioned in the Bible. The association between alcohol use and accidental injury or death has been acknowledged for a long time. There is abundant evidence that all easily measurable ill effects of alcohol, both medical and social, rise and fall with changes in ...