Development of Psychology

Development of Psychology as a Science

Development of Psychology as a Science

Introduction

Psychology is a broad topic, where learning about all aspects of an individual and the society can be applied. The name derives from the Greek psychology, psyche meaning mind, soul, mind, senses and logos to study. This essay will examine how this relatively new subject has different approaches and theories developed over the years. Today, several different branches of psychology and developed, this paper will show an insight into them.

Development of the different School of Thoughts Philosophers discussed behavior of humans and animals for many years, but it was not until 1879 that Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920 used) to this science. Wilhelm Wundt opened the first laboratory psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany, and here he began to experiment with the mind, the development of the school of structuralism and introspection. Wundt conducted experiments on him and tries to analyze the structure of his own mental processes, trying to identify the structure of the conscious. The failure of this type of experiment was that only the individual can observe his own mental processes and how everyone is different, the results cannot be measured. William James (1842-1910) developed then functionalism, as, served as the mind, rather than how the processes were structured saw. Both were the most important functions, such as psychology developed in the fields, although the functionalism became more dominant and the way forward (Wood, 2006).

Discussion

In 1900, Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) developed the psychoanalytic school. The foundations of Freud's theory were that most of the mind was unconscious and that the conscious part of the mind developed in the early years. The central tenets of Freudian theory are we do not know what we feel, we do not know why we fear what we fear, we do not know why we think what we think and we do not know why we do what we do.

Freud's original conception of the mind was that the unconscious, the preconscious and the conscious perception, as Kahn says he developed this into the id, ego and the superego. Freud believed that the Id controls our instincts; it controls the pleasure principle and demands satisfaction. It is part of the unconscious. The ego mediates between the conscious and unconscious and the superego is our conscience, it is what we learn through our parents and society, and tries to invoke the morale in our heads. The ego uses defense mechanism to protect the mind from the conflicts of the id and superego; they come in the forms of oppression, repression, denial, reaction formation and projection. As Freud says, "the ego stands for reason and common sense while the id stands for untamed passions. Freud also developed the psychosexual stages that go to the stadiums we develop as a child, but our mind is, these portions oral stage (birth to 18 months), children up to age 18 months, depending on their mouths for food and attention are, this will develop as "the first source ...