DEPRESSION PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

Depression pathophysiology and management

Table of Content

Contents

Introduction3

Pathophysiology of Depression3

Relative Impact of the Disease Process on a Client4

Problems at School4

Running Away5

Alcohol or Drug Abuse5

Low Self-Esteem5

Eating Disorders5

Internet addiction5

Self-Mutilation6

Reckless Behaviour6

Violence6

Suicide6

Conclusion6

Depression pathophysiology and management

Introduction

Depression can be a syndrome, i.e. a set of symptoms, or symptoms may appear as a partner in another entity or disorder, for example, as a result of illness. In people, depression is not shot in a terrible mood or temporary depression. Depression is a serious problem that affects all aspects of life of a teenager. If left untreated, depression in a young person can lead to problems at school and home, problems with drugs, violence and even suicide. There are many theories about depression in general. Adolescence is a difficult time but most teens break out with close friends, success in school or related activities, which helps to shape their personality and confidence. Shots are predictable temporary bad mood but, depression is something quite different. Depression can destroy the personality of a person and causes an overwhelming feeling of sadness, hopelessness or resentment.

Pathophysiology of Depression

Depression is a condition that results from a dysfunction of certain neurotransmitters or their metabolism. Although several hypotheses have been issued, the etiology of depression still remains unclear. The first major theory of depression, i.e., monoaminergic theory proposes that this disorder is particularly due to a deficiency of serotonin (5-HT) and / or noradrenaline (NA) because the depletion of serotonin in depressed patients treated leads to a relapse of symptoms. However, this theory cannot explain alone the pathophysiology of depression since the effectiveness of antidepressants is clinically observed after several weeks of treatment. A second hypothesis based on neurotransmitter receptors has been issued. Depression is due to abnormal functioning of monoamine receptors. It has been suggested that depression is the result of a pathological increase in the activity of 5-HT2C receptors associated with anxiety, but also that the increase of their activity in turn would decrease the functionality of 5-HT1. This disturbance receptor itself could be caused by depletion of monoaminergic neurotransmitters. Many neuroendocrine abnormalities are found in the depressed (decreased latency of REM sleep, decreased secretion of the hormone to stimulate the thyroid in response to a stimulation test by a factor of TSH release, hypercortisolemia accompanied by relative insensitivity of the hypothalamic-adrenal). Finally, other anomalies have been proposed, including changes in growth hormone, prolactin, melatonin and some neuropetides (substance P). Depression ...