DECISION MAKING PROCESS

Decision Making Process for Educational Institutions

Abstract

School-based decision-making provides a framework for drawing on the expertise of individuals who are interested in and knowledgeable about matters that affect the successful performance of students. This process depends heavily on the district's leadership to define the parameters of decision-making, to define overarching goals, and to provide information and professional development necessary to make effective, lasting decisions.

Table of Content

Abstractii

Introduction1

Discussion2

Effective Decision Making3

The Rational Model4

Identifying the problem5

Generating alternatives6

Evaluating alternatives7

Choosing an alternative8

Implementing the Decision9

Evaluating decision effectiveness10

The Bounded Rationality Model11

Conclusion12

References13

Appendix14

Decision Making Process for Educational Institutions

Introduction

Decision making is the process of recognizing and selecting the best option among different available alternatives on the basis of the values and judgment of the decision maker. The selected option should have the highest probability of success and should appropriately fits with the goals, objectives and mission of the decision maker. Effective decision making examines the uncertainty and risks about alternatives and allows choosing the best convenient option. Collection of information is the most important part in decision-making as it is the basis of reducing risk and making a final decision (Hoy and Miskel 2008).

The ability to make decisions can be taught and developed, but that does not mean it is possible to make silk bags with pig ears. The analytical process to divide the resolution of problems in a number of steps used to train managers for decades. The first decision-making technique to be mastered is the ability to differentiate between direct decisions, regular, and even urgent and more complex decisions that justify the analysis required to reach a satisfactory result. Direct decisions, repetitive, that should be delegated, if possible, and standard procedures should be established to address them (Hoy and Miskel 2008). In large organizations, these procedures must be in writing, while, in smaller groups they can be transmitted orally. These decisions referred as programmable decisions, and in some circumstances can be programmed into a computer, to make an appropriate response. Emergency decisions must be made quickly, especially if safety is at stake. Typical situations, which require urgent decisions, can be investigated in advance, while procedures established model for future action.

Group decision making is decision making by a group of people. It involves all the people of the group to anticipate into the situation and decide in a collaborative manner. Group decision making is generally more effective than individual decision making, as there is more judgmental reasoning with a distinct viewpoint of different people. The Group decision making is an arduous process and consumes more time and efforts than the individual decision making (Hoy and Miskel 2008).

Discussion

Decisions are made at all levels of school organization. The superintendent makes decisions concerning a school district's goals and strategies. Then principals make tactical decisions concerning those goals and strategies to accomplish them in relation to their own buildings (Hicks 2005). Department heads and team leaders then make curricular and operational decisions in order to carry out the day-to-day activities of a department or unit, and, finally, classroom teachers make decisions ...