CONCEPTUAL-THEORETICAL MODEL FOR NURSING

Conceptual-Theoretical Model for Nursing



Conceptual-Theoretical Model for Nursing

Introduction

Nursing is a young science. We must remember that the first theory of nursing is that of Florence, but now new models are being established. Each model provides a philosophy of understanding the nursing and care. (Billings and Kowalski, 2006)

Nursing from its origins as an occupation was considered based on practical experience and common knowledge, and did not provide the scientific knowledge of the profession, this is born with the first theory of nursing. Nurses also focused their attention to the acquisition of technical knowledge that had been delegated. In 1852 Florence Nightingale in her book "Nursing Notes" laid the foundation of professional nursing, she tried to define the specific contribution of nursing to health care. (Billings and Kowalski, 2006)

Discussion

The theoretical or conceptual framework of nursing defines the existence of a particular course of action. T helps in guiding professional action in the civil welfare, educational, administrative and research. This consists of:

Ideas and concepts inherent in the discipline.

Ideas and concepts selected from other areas or disciplines of science. (Billings and Kowalski, 2006)

The elements which form the conceptual framework of nursing which are present in all theories or models are:

The concept of Man.

The concept of Health.

The concept of environment.

Professional Role concept or nursing.

The concept of Man

To be able to provide individualized, holistic, humane, ethical, and quality nursing care, it is primary consideration to understand man. Each individual has unique characteristics, but certain needs are common to all people. These needs are called basic human needs. Human needs are physiologic and psychological conditions, that the individual must meet to achieves a state of health and well being. The 4 Major Attributes of Human Being; (Billings and Kowalski, 2006)

The capacity to think or conceptualize on the abstract level.

Family formation

The tendency to seek and maintain territory.

The ability to use verbal symbols as language, a means of developing and maintaining culture.

Nursing Concepts of Man (Man as a; Biophysical and spiritual being) who is in constant contact with the environment. The major social science disciplines are moving into four themes:

Biological: The body physics, anatomy, the physiology, biochemistry, biophysics, cell and molecular biology.

Psychological: the psychology, mind, neuroscience, neurobiology, psycho-neuro-immunology, the health psychology.

Social and cultural life: sociology , anthropology , ethnology

Spiritual: religions, mystics, agnosticism, meaning of life determined by each.

The concept of Health

Fundamental concepts in nursing seeks to define the health, a condition which difficult to define and impossible to summarize in the absence of disease. (Jensen and Onyskiw, 2003)

According to WHO, health is a state of complete well-being physically, mentally and socially, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. In nursing, health is the state of well-being experienced by the recipient of care. For Florence Nightingale, the absence of disease and the ability to fully utilize its resources is defined as health. (Jensen and Onyskiw, 2003)

The concept of environment

The study of the environment of the person is a broad topic that ranges from small local ...