Civilizations of Rome and Greece

Introduction

Several ancient civilizations have supplemented to the present technology, knowledge and literature of the world, while some of the civilizations have laid the foundation of modern world. However, this paper intends to discuss the various aspects of the Rome and Greece civilization. Particularly this paper focuses on the philosophical traditions, forms of government, religious practiced and the rulers under whom these civilizations expanded (De Blois, L. & Van, R. 1997).

The ancient Greeks, especially those of Archaic and Classic Greece, influenced modern Western culture more than any other ancient civilization. Philosophy, democracy, architecture, theater, art (particularly sculpture), literature, and loan words (English words derived from Greek) are just a few contributions the Greeks made to Western culture (De Blois, L. & Van, R. 1997).

Greece, being a mountainous country with small plains and valleys and a plethora of islands, naturally lent itself to the development of semi-isolated city-states. Furthermore, given the mountainous terrain, the Greeks found the sea to be well suited for communication and travel, and it became their primary means of contact with other cultures. It is mostly considered as presenting the foremost evolution of modernized Europe. However, the ancient Greeks were a group of Indo-European. In 1900 BCE, the ancient Greeks moved to the region. The Greeks developed in a warrior society by 1600 BCE, and they had started to enhance their influence into Mediterranean seas and the Aegean.

Discussion

Ancient philosophy has its own temporal and spatial boundaries. Rationalist tradition of Plato - Aristotle was largely an ideological basis for Christianity. In general, Greeks opened the possibility of constructive thinking was fundamentally new phenomenon in human history, and determined the subsequent development of the intellectual tradition.

The Greek philosophical thought has its stages of birth, heyday and decline. The first phase, which is often called Socratic, is character and retains features of the first myth.

At the same time, and the Pythagoreans, and representatives of the Milesian and Eleatic schools act as philosophers, want to know because the cosmos, the outside world, build a model being. And Pythagoras, Thales, and Heraclitus, Anaxagoras, and a significant leap from mythology to philosophy, as they try to explain the world from a single origin (water, air, numbers, fire, etc.).

However, they have in common with the mythological tradition, as they all with different qualifications not only recognize the existence of a natural manifestation of the infinitely-first principle, but consider him a living, developing creature.

Following the Milesian school of philosophy was the Eleatic, more specifically raised the question of existence. Parmenides proves that being eternal, motionless and unchanging. Indeed there is not something that we directly perceive and feel, and what we think. Hence, the assertion that there is a conceivable and inconceivable does not exist (Cunningham, 2009).

Rome was a republic for more than five hundred years, while on the other hand Greece was a limited democracy. The distinction between Rome and Greece was that the Greek government was local and direct, while Roman government was provincial and representative. Therefore, Roman citizens ...