CARDIAC DISEASE

Cardiac Disease

Abstract

Parasitic diseases make a broad spectrum of cardiac manifestations. They may engage diverse anatomic structures of the heart and are manifested clinically as myocarditis, cardiomyopathies, pericarditis, or pulmonary hypertension in numerous resource-constrained settings. However, numerous parasitic diseases engaging the heart may furthermore be actually identified in evolved countries due to growing worldwide journey, body-fluid transfusions, and expanding figures of immunosuppression states for example body part transplantation, use of immunosuppressive agents, or HIV/AIDS. Clinicians anywhere in the globe need to be cognizant of the promise cardiac manifestations of parasitic diseases. This is part one of a three-part sequence considering parasites of the heart. In this part, we supply a general overview and immunopathogenesis of parasitic diseases of the heart.

Table of Content

ABSTRACTII

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

Background of the Study1

Research Questions2

CHAPTER 2: STUDY DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY3

Research Design3

Experimental infection3

Procedure4

Histopathological studies5

Assays of catecholamines6

Cardiac ß-AR binding7

CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE & EVIDENCE REVIEW8

CHAPTER 4: CRITIQUING THE EVIDENCE12

CHAPTER 5: DATA ANALYSIS15

CHAPTER 6: ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS16

REFERENCES17

APPENDICES24

Chapter 1: Introduction

Background of the Study

Historically, the epidemiologic pattern of cardiac diseases varies between resource-constrained and resource rich countries. However, cardiac manifestations previously seen only in resource-constrained countries, including certain parasitic diseases, can be currently diagnosed any location in the globe. These epidemiologic transitions have been highly ranked by multiple factors: (i) growing journey and immigration (ii) worldwide spread of the came by immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic8-10; and (iii) growing number of organ transplantation, expanded use of immunosuppressive agencies, and body-fluid transfusions. It has been estimated that roughly 30% of the world's population experiences parasitic diseases throughout their lifetime.25 many of these parasites are to blame for substantial socioeconomic deficiency and underdevelopment. Most parasites that sway humans proceed through convoluted life cycles. During their life cycle certain intestinal, body-fluid, and tissue parasites may exactly or indirectly sway diverse anatomical organizations of the heart, for example the myocardium, pericardium, and pulmonary vasculature.

There are no clues that any parasite imposes direct impairment to the endocardium, heart valves, or coronary arteries. While the health publications is replete with articles on the influence of bacterial, viral, and fungal infections on the heart with the resultant endocarditic, myocarditis or pericarditis syndromes, couple of items have administered with the clinical characteristics of parasitic infections of the heart. Therefore, the reason of this item is to revise the current information of parasitic heart disease. Clinicians need to become well renowned with parasitic infections that can potentially engage the heart in both immunocompetent and immunodeficient individuals. 

Research Questions

The research question of the study is:

Are parasitic diseases of heart due to protozoa and helminths account for a large problem or morbidity and mortality, particularly, in evolving settings?

Chapter 2: Study Design and Methodology

Research Design

We will acclimatize quantitative study approach in which we will use ANOVA for finding our results. Quantitative study is study engaging the use of organized inquiries where the answer choices have been fixed and a large number of respondents are involved.

By delineation, estimation should be target, quantitative and statistically valid. Simply put, it's about figures, target hard ...