Breast Cancer



Breast Cancer

Introduction

Recent statistics from the American Cancer Society reveals that the mortality rates of patients with breast cancer continues to decline by about 2% annually as they have since the year 1990. Similar trends have been reported in other industrialized regions of the world. This decline has been attributed to a combination of factors including improved awareness, broader screening efforts leading to earlier stage diagnosis and advances in treatment (Lucht, 2002). While such modest improvements represent motion in the right direction, breast cancer is still the second most common cause of death in women and also the most common type of cancer in women.

The treatment of breast cancer has various options in accordance with a host of factors including history, phenotype and the stage at detection. The current gold standard for monitoring response to primary tumor treatment is to determine the palpable changes in the size of the tumor during clinical examination. Limitations of this standard include the fact that it is subjective and often rely on the completion of treatment (Wei et al. 2005).

Discussion Analysis

Environmental factors

Ionizing radiation (e.g. radiation or X-rays) can generally lead to cancers of radiation-sensitive tissues, including breast cancer. In this country appears to ionizing radiation, usually only in connection with medical examinations. This is because the breast tissue is one of the most radiation-sensitive tissues of the body, should radiation (X-ray examinations of the cervical and thoracic spine, esophagus, stomach and intestinal X-ray, kidney x-ray, CT scan and nuclear medicine studies) should be avoided where possible. An increase in breast cancer risk from ionizing radiation could in particular before and during puberty and before a first full-term pregnancy be observed. With increasing age, a woman takes the radiation sensitivity from the breast (Wiener, et al, 2005).

Symptoms of breast cancer

At an early stage of Breast cancer, a woman does not feel any discomfort or pain. However, there are some signs that may indicate cancer. A woman corresponding changes in breast should go to a doctor. The probability that it is cancer is much lower than that of a benign lesion, especially in young women. Precaution, however, offers only a careful investigation of the symptom. Women should pay attention to newly encountered nodes, compaction or indurations in the breast or armpits, changes in the shape or size of the breasts, a water-clear or bloody discharge from a nipple, occurrence of orange peel or small punctate pits in the skin, emerging of a non-decaying skin redness or scaling, or unilateral burning pain or pulling (Piron et al., 2003).

These were in most women, caused by benign inflammation, but it can also be stuck behind a growing tumor. Therefore, the reason for the formation of microcalcifications is clarified. It can be detected by the appearance of the inclusions and does not ensure that it is a harmless cause that triggered the transformation. Women can get true security only by examining a tissue sample, or through a biopsy. Other changes that are reflected in the mammography are usually ...