BLINDNESS

Blindness

Blindness

Introduction

Blindness is the inability to see. The leading causes of chronic blindness include cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal opacities, diabetic retinopathy, trachoma, and eye disease in children (caused by vitamin A deficiency). In a world increasingly common blindness that develops with age, and blindness caused by uncontrolled diabetes. On the other hand, the health action reduces the number of cases of blindness that develops because of infection. Three-quarters of all blindness can be prevented or treated. The main causes of chronic blindness are cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration related to age, corneal opacities, diabetic retinopathy, trachoma and childhood eye conditions such as those caused by lack of vitamin A (Green, 2008). The age is related to blindness and due to uncontrolled diabetes is increasing worldwide, while an infectious cause of blindness is decreasing due to public health measures. Three quarters of cases of blindness are preventable or treatable.

Concept of Blindness

Blindness is the loss of eyesight. Blindness can be total or partial blindness; there are several types depending on the degree and type of vision loss, such as reduced vision, partial blindness (one eye) or Blindness. Blind people talk to refer to those who see nothing at all or only have a slight perception of light, which means that it may be able to distinguish between light and dark, but not the shape of objects.

Lack of Vision

From a viewpoint called blind eye strictly to the total absence of visual perception, including perception of light, but in the medical-legal order, and based on functional disability involved, total blindness is homologous with the dysfunctions very marked visual capacity. It is valued not only visual acuity, but possible changes (Norris, 1997). It is the lack or loss of normal vision is not correctable with glasses or contact lenses. Blindness may be partial, with loss of only one part of the vision or even total, in which case the person has no light perception. People with vision worse than 20/200 or a visual field of less than 20 degrees in the better eye are considered blind in legal terms.

Ciego

Children who have only light perception without projection, or those who are totally deprived of sight (Green, 2008). From the educational standpoint the blind child is learning through Braille and cannot use their vision to acquire any knowledge, although the perception of light can help and guidance for their movements.

Low Vision

Children limited in their distance vision, but can see objects a few inches is another sub-group. Most of these children can use their vision for many school activities; a few reading and other visual learning should complement the touch. Under no circumstances should call the "blind."

Visual Impairment

The word denotes any deviation clinic in the structure or function of tissues or parts of the eye. The impairment may be in the middle of the eye, the lens or the area surrounding the macula, in which case the person may have very good peripheral vision, but have difficulty seeing fine detail (Landau, ...