ASTHMA IMPACT IN INFANTS

Asthma Impact in Infants



Asthma Impact in Infants

Introduction

Asthma

Asthma is one of the most common diseases of childhood. Epidemiological studies in recent years indicate that between 5 and 10% of children suffer from this disease, and each year this figure increases. A major concern as the increase in mortality from asthma and the number of hospital admissions in pediatric institutions (Beyth, 1997). Currently, asthma in children considered as a chronic disease, which based on allergic airway inflammation and bronchial hyper-reactivity. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing or asthma due to bronchoconstriction, mucus hyper-secretion and swelling of the mucous membrane of the bronchi. Based on typical attacks of breathlessness doctor determines the diagnosis of "bronchial asthma". Sometimes pose diagnosis, even in cases when a child says a prolonged dry paroxysmal cough, which is worse at night or on waking (Covar, 2004).

Path physiology

Until recently, information on the pathology of asthma came from post-mortem studies, which showed that both large airways as often contain small mucus plugs composed of, proteins serum, inflammatory cells and cellular debris. Microscopically the way airlines are infiltrated with eosinophil and mononuclear cells, there vasodilatation and extravasation evidence of micro vascular and epithelial damage. The smooth muscle of the airway is often hypertrophied, which characterized by deformation vessels, increased number of cells epithelial goblet and deposition of collagen beneath the epithelium. These features of the remodeling of the airway wall explain the importance of chronic recurrent, inflammation in asthma. Moreover, these changes may not be completely reversible (Tantisira, 2006).

Changes on Lifestyle

Asthma is a disease with a genetic predisposition and usually occurs in children, a family history which marked the patients with allergic diseases. Some children with asthma in the apparent absence of family history, there may be relatives, all of whom had wheezing in the lung, correctly diagnosed as "chronic bronchitis" or "emphysema". Studies in recent years suggest that asthma starting in early childhood, most likely has a genetic origin (Tantisira, 2006). It is now well known that the onset of asthma in most children associated with exposure to different allergens, among which is the most common house dust. About 70% of children with asthma sensitive to house dust. House dust is a complex mixture containing cotton fibers, cellulose, animal hair, mold spores. The main component of household dust mites is invisible to the naked eye (see picture). Favorite food mites - scales, which are ...