ABSTRACT

Effects of organophospate and pyrethyroid on life cycle of chicks



Effects of organophospate and pyrethyroid on life cycle of chicks

Abstract

Introduction

This paper presents an abstract on the topic of “Effects of organophospate and pyrethyroid on life cycle of chicks”. Hemato-biochemical and immuno-pathophysiological changes after feeding broilers with 20 ppm fenvalerate (synthetic pyrethroid, SP), 2 ppm monocrotophos (organophosphate, OP) and 2 ppm endosulfan (chlorinated hydrocarbon, CH) were studied. Four groups of broiler chickens (30 matches) fed poultry mash without (control) or mixed with pesticides for 8 weeks. Blood sugar, serum globulin and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were reduced (P <0.01) in all treated groups compared with controls, but not serum albumin, and urea. Total ATPase activity was enhanced (P <0.01) in fenvalerate and monocrotophos than the chickens in the control group. Body weight, the total number of red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, eosinophils and monocytes count showed no change.Methods and Results

Although urinary calcium decreased by 34%, which increased by 32% phosphate content. These results show that dimethoate accelerated bone resorption. In fact, in the treated pups total tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase reflects bone resorption, by 60% and the total alkaline phosphatase, bone formation reflected decreased slightly expanded. Violations in the bone by histological changes in the bones treated pups accompanied. Growth plates in dimethoate treated pups were compared with those grossly disorganized control pups. are not proliferating chondrocytes discrete columns, hypertrophic zone decreased significantly and morphologically indistinct. In addition, we look at the puppies in the main, fragmented and found spongium thinner trabeculae compared with control animals.Total white blood cells and T lymphocytes was lower (P <0.01) in all treated groups compared with the control group. B-cells (P <0.01), the average 2-4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), sensitivity of the skin and the spleen index of graft-versus-host disease (p <0.05) decreased in fenvalarate and endosulfan , but the values for monocrotophos were intermediate between control and treated groups. Pesticide poisoning is nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) positive cells decreased (macrophages, spleen active) (P <0.05) and spleen weight (p <0.01).

During the bursa weight was reduced only with endosulfan was thymus weight of endosulfan and fenvalerate-treated feed lowered. Microscopic examination of these institutions also reported atrophy / hypoplasia, decrease the size of the follicles with depletion of lymphocytes and haemorrhages in the thymus. The study found that chronic exposure of chickens on a small number of pesticides, SP, OP and CH leads to harmful effects on metabolism and the immune system of chicks.Literature Review

Chicken is the most common animals found on Earth. His number is higher than any other bird on the planet. Although it is generally believed that the origin of domestic chickens returned to India, recent studies show that chickens were domesticated in Vietnam since the last 10 000 years ago. People have been domesticated chickens for several reasons. While some chickens for their meat, while others raise them for eggs. In fact, some even increased it to pests and weeds. All these different reasons for the expansion of its leading figures of a chicken is the largest of all ...