Orwell believes that Political and economic pressures produce ugly language, which then produces foolish thinking; but then, foolish thinking produces even uglier language, and the cycle continues. For Orwell, this was not a purely philosophical or academic problem; the essay moves towards a position which links the degeneration of language with the rise of totalitarianism.
The connection between "Politics and the English Language" and the previous material on propaganda is fairly obvious, maybe just a little bit subtle. The previous material instructed you to recognize the tools of the propagandist, how he uses language-everything from name-calling and card-stacking ...