Women's Cardiac Care- An analysis of cardiovascular diseases in African American Women

by

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

Introduction1

Back ground of the problem5

Problem statement8

Significance of the Problem10

Purpose of the study15

Nature of the Study16

Research Aim and Objectives19

Research Question20

Conceptual Framework20

Definitions22

Assumptions of the Study23

Scope of the Study25

Limitations of the Study27

Delimitation of the Study28

Summary28

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW30

Awareness and Perception of Cardiovascular Diseases in African American Women31

Urgency of Educating African American Women about Cardiovascular Diseases34

Psychological factors behind increased Cardiovascular Diseases36

Strategies to Control Cardiovascular Diseases42

Summary49

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY54

Introduction54

Philosophical Framework or Paradigm55

Research Approach: Inductive or Deductive58

Phenomenology59

Theoretical Framework60

Research Technique: Qualitative or Quantitative62

Rationale for a Qualitative Study63

Rationale for a Phenomenological Study63

Methodology63

Role of the Researcher63

Researcher Bias64

The survey64

Analysis65

Subjects66

Sample66

Secondary Research66

Resources67

Data Analysis Procedures67

Quality and Verification68

Nature of Data69

Reliability/Dependability69

Validity69

Ethical Considerations70

Summary71

References72

Women's Cardiac Care- An analysis of cardiovascular diseases in African American Women

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Introduction

Past studies revealed that cardiac diseases have become the most sensitive issue of the health care of the women in the UK. The survey report of a new American Heart Association highlights the facts about the cardiac care of women in US. According to the survey, efficiency and effectiveness of the first step in preventing heart disease in women is exceptionally critical (Burt,Whelton, Roccella, Brown , Cutler, Higgins, Horan & Labarthe, 2011). The survey was based on the information provided by 1004 women as well as findings of a 1997 survey was included in the study. The survey includes women from all age groups and ethnic classes in order to obtain information about the perception of women in US about their health issues. In addition to it, the study was intended to extricate how women receive information regarding the heart disease (Williams 2009). Additionally, Brumley, Enguidanos & Jamison (2008) asserted the 62% of the women perceive cancer as the most threatening health issue. However, young generation is even more convinced with this concept. However, it should be taken into account that in 1998 503,927 deaths of women were evidenced as the result of cardiovascular disease while 359, 467 were recorded as the result of cancer. This reflects the fact that cardiovascular diseases are more threatening as compared to cancer and cause almost more than twice deaths. Though, changes have been evidence in the perception of women in US regarding their cardiovascular issues since 1997. However, significant improvement is still required in order to enhance the understanding of women regarding cardiovascular disease. According to an estimate, knowledge of women in US regarding heart disease has been increased from 34% to 40%. Additionally, awareness of Women in US about strokes has been increased from 28% to 35% (Ferris, Robertson, Fabunmi & Mosca, 2005).

It is evidenced that the awareness as well as understanding of US women regarding the cardiovascular diseases has been increased, 92% of the women have idea that heart diseases develops and prevails gradually. The findings of the survey highlighted the fact that most of the women claimed to hear messages related to heart disease however, most of these messages are not effective and need alterations in order to efficiently deliver the message related to heart diseases and strokes to enhance ...