WILLIS FABER DUMAS BUILDING

Norman Foster, Willis Faber Dumas Building



Norman Foster, Willis Faber Dumas Building

Professional use of the term 'urban design' dates from the mid-20th century, urban design as such has been exercised during history. Ancient examples of carefully planned and designed cities exist in Asia, India, Africa, Europe and the Americas, and are particularly well-known within Classical Chinese, Roman and Greek cultures. European Medieval cities are often regarded as exemplars of undersigned or 'organic' city development, but there are clear examples of considered urban design in the Middle Ages. (Alberti, 2004, pp. 5-6)

Throughout history, the design of streets and public places deliberately setting buildings reflect contemporary social norms, philosophical and religious convictions (see, for example, Erwin Panofsky, Gothic Architecture and Scholasticism, Meridian Books, 1957). However, the relationship between urban space design and the human mind seems to be bidirectional. In fact, the urban structure of human behavior and thinking the opposite effect as evidenced by the observation and study of historical fact. Through urban design of the Renaissance, clear evidence of Johannes Kepler and Galileo thought (see, for example, Abraham Akkerman "urban planning based on the idea, Descartes," Philosophy and Geography 4 (1), 2001 years). The method of Descartes, in his discourse witnessed a new revival plan of the city is their own thoughts, and there is sufficient evidence that the urban landscape of the Renaissance is also the feeling of excitement, leading to the development of coordinate geometry (see, For example, Gaussian La Claudia Brod, thoughts, words, building lines, and modern philosophy, 1996 Duke of origin).

In Europe is indeed a modern city began with the Renaissance, but the most important, and the Enlightenment. Spanish colonial towns are often planned, some cities have been created by other imperial cultures. Sometimes they play a utopian ambition, functional and good governance objectives, and plans to James Auger Ersuo pusa Savannah, Georgia. Design method developed in the Baroque, French gardens of Versailles, the spread of urban development and recovery. During this period, when the modern professional expertise does not exist, the urban design and sculpture, architecture, landscape, topography, astronomy, military technology, expertise in different areas of the individual. 18 and 19, urban design is perhaps the most closely related to the surveyors and architects, age. Frederick Law Olmsted most of the work is dedicated to urban design, the professional (new things), landscape architecture, and began to play an important role in the 19th century.

Modern urban design can be seen as a city planning as part of a wider range of areas. In fact, the city planning movement began primarily with urban design. Such as urbanization of the general theory (1867), Camillo Sitte creative works based on the principles of urban planning (1889) and Robinson better cities (1901) and contemporary folk art (1903), mainly with the urban design and the subsequent motion of the beautiful city in North America. (Matthias, 2006, p. 9-22)

"Urban design is the first time as a unique term for Urban Design at Harvard University held a series ...