Why is the incidence of TB increasing despite a vaccination program?



TB increase

Introduction

Tuberculosis is a fatal and chronic disease which affects the lungs and other parts of the body. This disease is contagious as it is transferred to others. This disease is caused by a bacterium or tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that reached its peak in the last century during the Industrial Revolution. Among humans, tuberculosis is transmitted through the air by droplets containing bacilli and infected people without treatment. Transmission via food is rare, although it can also be a source of infection in countries where TB is common. The most common symptoms are tiredness, malaise, profuse sweating, weight loss, and blood in the sputum (Gary, 2007). The study enlightens several chronic aspects of diseases and the analysis caters the strategies adapted by America to cope with the issues of tuberculosis inclination. Nevertheless, numerous cases were misdiagnosed as pneumonia; hence, the actual mortality figures for TB probably were inaccurate. Some authorities claimed TB arrived with infected miners, who spread the disease by coughing and expectorating infectious tubercle bacilli. The disease remained a serious health problem in America until the development of streptomycin and other effective anti-TB drugs. However, there are several issues in the healthcare sectors of America and UK that influences of TB mortality and morbidity (healthcare accessibility, expensive healthcare services, lack of skilled specialists and practitioners) (Sarah, 2011). This study deals with the question, Why is the incidence of TB increasing despite a vaccination program?

Increase of the disease despite vaccination

According to the recent study by WHO, the rate of TB is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world in spite of the improvement of uptake of vaccination. The research by WHO shows that the biggest controversies of this disease are the use of vaccination to prevent TB (WHO, 2010). The trends of the increase in Tuberculosis have increased which shows the ineffectiveness of vaccines. These vaccines have proved to be effective but it is not necessary that it will lead to reduce the mortality of the disease. The vaccination program is less effective because of the increase of the side effects of the disease. This disease which is infectious and negative effects of the disease increases. There is a need of proper research which can help to determine the reasons due to which the vaccination program fails (WHO, 2010).

A serious outbreak of tuberculosis (TB) killed more than 5000 people was realized in 1990s. The healthcare analysts and practitioners of America have recorded increases in TB, a chronic, communicable mycobacterial infection of the lungs, bones, and other body organs. In some places, there were more than 15 deaths per thousand residents annually; overcrowded housing, lack of sanitation, and inadequate diets helped spread the infection. The largest number of TB cases in America found in 1999 where 1,129 persons perished from the disease (Debora, 2011). In the same year, TB claimed 810 victims in UK and additional 1,217 victims from 1991 to 1994 (Cherry, ...