TUBERCULOSIS DISEASE

Tuberculosis Disease

Tuberculosis

Introduction

About one-third of the world population is infected with TB germs, and every second there is a further case. Only a small proportion of infections leads immediately to a disease. Almost nine million people become ill and about 1.6 million die from the disease each year (as Lung Association Switzerland, there are but three million people ), often due to inadequate treatment facilities, as the therapy requires lengthy and expensive antibiotics is. You can be in the social circumstances of those affected often do not perform. Also, in many affected regions in the diagnosis and treatment is not necessary laboratories available. Especially in Eastern Europe is due to poverty and the decline of health care have seen a worrying increase in tuberculosis, especially with multidrug-resistant strains. Such drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis are also increasingly global cause of disease.

Discussion

With the direct detection of pathogens, the disease is confirmed by laboratory diagnosis and clinical. By indirect evidence of skin tests or immunological detection, the disease can be diagnosed only clinically. For therapy specifically against various pathogens effective antibiotics available, the term anti-tuberculosis are summarized. These need to avoid development of resistance and relapse in combination necessarily and as specified by the WHO, at least half a year, are so far taken on the existence of the complaints also. There is a vaccine that is recommended but due to lack of efficacy in Germany since 1998 and no longer is no longer available (Brunner, Suddarth & Smeltzer, 2008). A primary prophylaxis with an effective medication is antituberkulös in Germany only in children with severe or immunologically compromised conducted contacts.

Particularly problematic is a tuberculosis infection in HIV -infected patients with overt AIDS. The probability of an outbreak of tuberculosis disease is increased by a multiple, if an HIV infection. Tuberculosis in Africa in addition to AIDS, the most common cause of death. Both diseases occur primarily at the residents of Metropolenslums highly correlated (immune) to each other. However, the weakened immune system caused by HIV leads to a routine tuberculosis often have negative results, although the disease is present (see also type 1 error and second kind) (Dyer, 2010). These skin tests (tuberculin test, Tine test) the immunological response to pathogens is tested components. This is inhibited by AIDS. The course of tuberculosis is much faster then. In poor countries, tuberculosis is considered a sign of the onset of AIDS and results in the majority of HIV patients to death. The WHO therefore supports and encourages a global coordination of TB and AIDS research. Surprisingly, an Italian study found a prevalence of 18 percent with latent tuberculosis infection among at least 400 psoriasis patients. Even 30 percent of patients with lung inflammation and cancer were latently infected.

After infection through infected droplets are formed in response to the bacteria in the next three to six weeks in the lungs of an affected person little inflammation associated with lymph node involvement (primary complex). The inflammatory foci are surrounded by blood immune ...