Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

Introduction

Tuberculosis is a fatal and chronic disease which affects the lungs and other parts of the body. This disease is contagious as it is transferred to others. This disease is caused by a bacterium or tubercle bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that reached its peak in the last century during the Industrial Revolution. Among humans, tuberculosis is transmitted through the air by droplets containing bacilli and infected people without treatment. Transmission via food is rare, although it can also be a source of infection in countries where TB is common. The most common symptoms are tiredness, malaise, profuse sweating, weight loss, and blood in the sputum. The study enlightens several chronic aspects of diseases and the analysis caters the strategies adapted by America to cope with the issues of tuberculosis inclination. Nevertheless, numerous cases were misdiagnosed as pneumonia; hence, the actual mortality figures for TB probably were inaccurate. Some authorities claimed TB arrived with infected miners, who spread the disease by coughing and expectorating infectious tubercle bacilli. The disease remained a serious health problem in America until the development of streptomycin and other effective anti-TB drugs. However, there are several issues in the healthcare sectors of America and UK that influences of TB mortality and morbidity (healthcare accessibility, expensive healthcare services, lack of skilled specialists and practitioners) (Sarah, 2011).

Evidence of the disease

Tuberculosis continues to wreak havoc in America. Although it is easily curable, more than 1000 people die every day. America has been facing severe cases of tuberculosis since several years. The TB is endemic for centuries and strengthened over the past ten years by the AIDS virus. So that today more than two million new cases are recorded, and some 450,000 people die each year, which include more than 1000 a day. The direct and indirect expenses related to the pandemic amount to nearly three billion dollars a year. Yet, after the implementation of a few useful strategies to fight against the disease, it can be said that there have been rapid improvements made in relation to this disease.

A serious outbreak of tuberculosis (TB) that killed more than 5000 people was realized in 1990s. The healthcare analysts and practitioners of America have recorded increases in TB, a chronic, communicable mycobacterium infection of the lungs, bones, and other body organs. In some places, there were more than 15 deaths per thousand residents annually; overcrowded housing, lack of sanitation, and inadequate diets helped spread the infection. The largest number of TB cases in America found in 1999 where 1,129 persons perished from the disease (Debora, 2011).

In areas where the program is active, the cure rate is indeed now close to 85% covered by WHO, but the detection rate capped at around 50% to 60%. First accused the public health system itself. In most cases, the implementation of RNTCP has made, in fact, through existing structures: health posts, centers microscopy, hospitals, etc. However, they do not meet the expectations of long patients: slow support, rudimentary equipment and poorly trained ...