THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS

Therapeutic Interventions: Applications and Practices in treating Schizophrenia

Therapeutic Interventions: Applications and Practices in treating Schizophrenia

Introduction

In 1973, the World Health Organization published the report of the international pilot study on schizophrenia in which set definite criteria for diagnosis and disease characteristics in nine countries. In that study it was found that the most common type is paranoid, followed by the schizo-affective and hebephrenic. Prevalence studies conducted in North America show that from 1.0 to 1.9 per thousand inhabitants suffer from schizophrenia at some time in their lives (Atkinson, Corban & Templeton, 2011). The incidence (new cases appearing in a given period of time) varies from 0.3 to 1.2 per thousand inhabitants per year. Globally it is estimated that 0.3 to 1% of people suffer the disease. In terms of marital status, it shows that people entering for the first time to hospitals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia there is a high percentage of single, separated, divorced or widowed (Bleichmar, 2010).

There have been many studies locally and internationally, to have a more precise behavior of this disease. Comparative studies between different countries have shown the existence of different diagnostic criteria was diagnosed more affective disorders in Europe and schizophrenic disorders in America (Chiou, Aggarwal, Chiou, Broughton & Liu, 2009). It is considered that due to the disease, which involves difficulty in interpersonal relationships and marked tendency to isolation, these people prefer to remain single or get married, because of the inability to meet own responsibilities and obligations of marriage, are more frequently separations and divorces (Embrey, 2009).

Taking into account the socio-economic status, it appears that schizophrenia occurs more often members of lower socioeconomic classes, while the manic-depressive illness in high does (Harling, Hansen-Pupp, Baigi & Pesonen, 2011). This finding can be explained by two hypotheses: a) the economic and social difficulties of the lower classes favor the appearance of the disease in an individual genetically predisposed to it and b) schizophrenia is more common in families and disorganizing and unproductive nature of thereof, are lost economic and intellectual resources that are to be falling into deepening poverty (Hart & Walton, 2010). Another social factor that influences the indices is the migration of people, which causes it to relocate in other cultures they are not used to generating large amount of stress that can lead to the onset of disease symptoms.

Diagnosis

Where it comes to establishing the degree of psychopathology that occurs at the time of the interview. We note the following: they show little interest in the interview and sometimes strongly oppose it, look distracted, looking vague or sometimes avoid eye contact with the interviewer, neglected his personal appearance, waving or laughing for no reason, talking sign may show a very suspicious behavior, may be agitated and restless, mutistas or immobile (Hogan & Coote, 2009). His story may not be reliable because they detect inconsistencies that deserve to be clarified by a relative or friend. Could be the theft of thought where they feel they run out of ideas because someone stole ...