THEORY AND PRACTICE OF CORRECTIONS

Theory and Practice of Corrections

Theory and practice of corrections

Intermediate Sanctions

Intermediate sanctions are the criminal sentences that fallen between standard probation and incarceration (Tonry & Lynch, 1996). There are the following eight intermediate sanctions are discussing below, Economic Sanction, Community Service, Intensive Supervised Probation, House Arrest, Community Residential Centers, Split Sentence, Shock Incarceration (Boot Camps) And Shock Probation).

Economic Sanctions

Economic sanction restricts international trade in which one country imposes this sanction on other due to political reasons. For example, North and South Korea has imposed economic sanction to avoid political and financial trade.

Community Service

It is a disciplinary sanction which requires each individual to perform unpaid work in favor of community (Spelman, 1995). These sanctions allow students to remain in the community.

Intensive Supervised Probation

This sanction is designed to provide strict control, supervision and surveillance in a manner which restrict and monitor activities and movement of offenders in the community. According to (Tonry & Lynch, 1996) different teams were made to monitored activities of offenders at least four times in a week. These teams are consisting on a Surveillance officer and Adult probation.

House Arrest

In house arrest, community control restricts the offenders to a non-institutional location, own residence or authorize some limitation over freedom of movement. This program has grown and proliferated. There was around 13000 offenders arrest in 1993.

Community Residential Centers

According to (Spelman, 1995) offender who serves residential sanction might cause convicted offender in the district community, halfway house, community alternative sentencing center or the other place who refuses to be tested.

Split Sentence

According to (Seiter, 2005) It is a form of punishment for the offender in which he or she serves up to their term imprisonment outside of prison. Basically, offenders ordered to spend time in prison.

Shock Incarceration (Boot Camps)

It is a short term prison program that runs like basic training of military for adult offenders and young felons. This is considered as tough love approach that remains a popular option for officials.

Shock Probation

This program order offenders to spend around three to six month time period of sentence. Major objective of this program is to reduce rates of recidivism (Seiter, 2005).

Three Security Classifications

There are three major types of securities in federal and prison state prison systems.

Maximum

It is generally hold prison for a longer time period. Offender in this case may engage in murder, robbery, kidnapping or performed some serious crime. Maximum security for prison involved high stones walls or a strong chain fences are surrounding their prison (Roffman, 1975).

Medium

This prison holds lesser serious crime such as small thefts or minor assaults. This is generally less serious and dangerous crime as it compare with maximum security. These prisons may surround with guard towers.

Minimum

These prisons are not considered as dangerous prisoners. They may be engaged in business thefts, perjury, justice obstruction or forgery (Seiter, 2005). They live in more comfortable rooms and usually move freely within their prison.

Statement

I personally favor this separation because this act separate prisoner punishment, according to their crime. These are three different levels of prisoners security in which minimum is the lowest level ...