THEORISTS

Theorists



Theorists

Every child learns and develops the basic habits and instincts during the first few years of life. In a child's life, the initial five developmental years are of fundamental significance. They are the basic phases that form the happiness, future health, learning and development, growth and community and family of the children. It has also been confirmed by numerous recent researches that, for the architecture of a child's brain, the initial five years are of major importance. The current researches on the human intelligence, brain and learning in terms of many disciplines, including cognitive sciences, medicine, and has assisted the researchers gain profound knowledge regarding the implications to learning. This paper elaborates and discusses upon the learning and development theories of children, along with the theories given by various theorists.

Howard Gardner's Theory

One of the most recognized experts in the study of intelligence is an American psychologist Howard Gardner. Gardner defines intelligence as a person's ability to solve problems or create products, securities under this or several cultures, and also to find new challenges as a foundation for the acquisition of new knowledge. In recent decades, intelligence test that measure IQ, been widely distributed, but their credibility fell over time falls instead of rising (Kozulin, 1990, p. 124). The increasing acceptance of the idea that the IQ reflects, was a person's ability to master the subject in the school or college, the ability to learn, to acquire knowledge. Gardner asks the question: Is it possible to judge the level of intelligence only on the test results? If the IQ tests scores suddenly disappear, unless we find ourselves unable to evaluate the mind?

Gardner's question prompted him to speak with his theory of multiple intelligences. This theory is based on data from multiple sources. For example, damage to a certain area of ??the brain during an accident reduces or destroys as clearly recorded, specific abilities. Additionally, certain features in the development of certain aspects of intelligence are also associated with age. The study of individuals at both ends of the distribution curve of intellectual abilities, that is, of the mentally retarded and extremely gifted, also gave him a wealth of material for thought.

No matter how much intellectual ability, and how much development capacity an individual has, when it comes to the analysis of curricula taught in many institutions, the students are forced to focus on the prevalence of linguistic and mathematical intelligence. This is why many students do not excel in the field of traditional academic intelligences, and are not recognized and diluted in terms of their contribution to the social and cultural environment. The Theory of Multiple Intelligences has impacted the children and teacher who are involved in one way or another in the teaching-learning process. In many cities in the United States, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Singapore as well as in Europe, there have been schools that carry out activities aimed at developing the different intelligences that the individual possesses.

Teachers develop teaching strategies that take into account the different possibilities ...