THEORIES COMPARISON

Theories Comparison

Theories Comparison

Robert K. Merton discussed deviation in terms of goals and means as part of strain / anomie theory. When states that Durkheim's anomie is confusion of social norms, Merton goes further and asserts that anomie is state in which social goals and legitimate means to achieve them do not match. Postulated that an individual's response to expectations of society and means by which individual pursues these objectives were useful in understanding deviation. In particular, consider collective action as motivated by tension, stress or frustration of the group of individuals that stems from the disconnect between goals of society and popular means used to achieve these goals. Often, non-routine collective behavior (rioting, rebellion, etc.) says that map on economic explanations and causes through tension. These two dimensions determine adaptation to society according to cultural objectives, which are society's perceptions about ideal life, and institutionalized means, which are legitimate means through which an individual can aspire to cultural goals. (Donal and Karmen 1983)

In his differential association theory, Edwin Sutherland postulated that criminals learn criminal and deviant behaviors, and that deviation is not itself the part of nature, the particular individual. Moreover, he argues that criminal behavior is learned in same way that all other behaviors are learned, which means that criminal knowledge acquisition is not unique compared to other learning behaviors.

Sutherland described some very basic aspects of his theory, as idea that learning comes from interactions between individuals and groups, communicating with symbols and ideas. When symbols and ideas about diversion is much more favorable than unfavorable, individual tends to take the positive view on diversion and use more of these behaviors. (Jensen 2007)

Criminal behavior (motivation and expertise), as with any other behavior, is learned. Some basic assumptions are:

• Learning by interaction with communication within intimate personal groups.

• Techniques, motives, ...