The Role of Socio-Learning Theory toward Academic Achievement and Self-Efficacy

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK3

Origin of the Social Cognitive Theory3

Bandura's Socio-cultural Theory Socio Cognitive Theory3

Modeling of Theory5

Self-Efficacy Theory7

The Major Propositions or Hypotheses of the Theory10

Relation with the Present Study11

Independent Variable: Cal SAFE Program Enrollment12

Dependent Variable: Persistence to Graduation13

REFERENCES15

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Origin of the Social Cognitive Theory

The Social Cognitive theory was presented by Dolland J. and Miller N.E. in the context of social Learning Theory in 1941. It states that if an individual wants to learn certain behavior then he or she can learn it through observing other people. This theory was further expanded by Albert Bandura in 1962 and it is famous with the name of Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory.

Bandura's Socio-cultural Theory Socio Cognitive Theory

Bandura presented a completely different view dealing psychological issues and processes which are originally referred to as observational and socio-cultural learning theory. Socio Cognitive theory posits some parts of the individuals learning can be linked directly to observing other individuals in terms of their social experiences, interactions and influence of outside channels. The unique contribution by Bandura is the concept of triadic reciprocality or reciprocal factors. Here, he only provides a comprehensive incorporation of social psychology, personality and cognitive (Leont'ev, 2003). This is a complex integration that not only depicts what we are in terms of individuals, but, also how our individual personality is expressed through our behavior, which then affects the people around us.

The theory is a learning theory that was developed on the basis of the idea that people tend to learn things by observing other people, for instance what they are doing and what they are not doing, central to the understanding developed about the personality. Whilst the theorists agree to the fact raised by Bandura, that there is an acceptable amount of impact on the developmental vibes generated by the learned behavior emitted in the environment in which an individual grows-up, they also think that an individual is equally important in influencing the moral development of others (Hergenhahn, 1982). Development of the individual is influenced by a number of factors that include behaviors, environment and cognition. These factors are considered to be reciprocal instead of being independent or static. Furthermore, this study provides a theoretical framework of the self-efficacy theory.

There are some peculiar features that are emphasized by this theory. One of these features is direct experience and observation can distinctly influence a person's behaviors, feelings and thoughts. What a person does and what a person observes others do, can have an ample impact on the personality of individuals to bring change. For instance, a student in a class who observes another student disobey and get punished is less likely to portray the deviant behavior of the peer (Bandura, 1989). The observation provided a great deal of information about the student's behavior and thus, can highly influence other students.

Second feature deals with the extensive use of symbols among human beings. By using these symbols, humans are able to analyze their conscious experience, to represent events, ...