The effect of Child Labour among the female children in Kaduna Zaria Nigeria

By

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, it would give me great pleasure to show my gratitude to my professor, for his propositions, remarks, understanding and patience. It would also be an honour to express gratitude to my parents, my mother, my father, my sister and my brother for their endless support in my life and allowing me to make all my decisions. I would also like to take the opportunity to show appreciation to my co-workers for their expert cooperation on every occasion. I would also like to be grateful to the Department, managers of the university, instructors and students who have supported me throughout this research.

DECLARATION

I declare that the content presented in this thesis/dissertation is, in my understanding and opinion, original and has not been presented for scholarly assessment in the past, either completely or partly, for an academic degree at this educational institution or elsewhere. I would also like to admit that I have studied and understood the principles, prerequisites, processes and guidelines of the University regarding the higher academic degree research award and to my dissertation. I would also like to declare that I have abided by the University's principles, prerequisites, processes and guidelines.

ABSTRACT

About 250 million children around the world are still deprived of a normal childhood. They perform a lot of hard work and often in deplorable conditions. The world community does a lot to ensure that children have access to education and health, but, of course, child labour remains one of the major problems of the modern world. Approximately 250 million children worldwide are forced to work and more than half of that number are working in an environment that we call the worst forms of child labour. Their work is dangerous to the health and development of children. Nearly 70 million children worldwide are not in school. This is a global problem requiring a solution. More than 60% of children are working in hazardous areas such as extraction of natural resources and agriculture. In Africa in general and Nigeria in particular, for the past four years we have seen the most disturbing trend where the number of children engaged in heavy labour is increasing. So this is a serious problem. The main purpose of this study is to assess the effect of Child Labour among the female children in Kaduna Zaria Nigeria.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

1.1.Background of the topic1

1.1.1Profile of Nigeria2

1.1.2Socio-Economic Conditions of Nigeria3

1.1.3Value of Children in Nigeria4

1.2.Research Purpose5

1.3.Research Objectives5

1.4.Significance of the study6

1.5.Structure of the Thesis6

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW8

2.1.Child Labour as a significant social problem8

2.2.Types of Child Labour10

2.3.The concept of Child Labour in Nigeria13

2.4.Various factors of Child Labour in Nigeria14

2.4.1Street Trading14

2.4.2Gender Exploitation16

2.4.3Child Beggars17

2.4.4Apprenticeship18

2.4.5Polygamous Households19

2.4.6Child Domestic Services19

2.5.Causes of Child Labour20

2.6.Consequences of Child Labour21

2.6.1Denial of Educational Opportunities22

2.6.2Psychosocial Problems22

2.6.3Injury, Illness, or Death23

2.6.4Physical Growth Deficits24

2.7.Poverty and Chid Labour in Nigeria25

2.8.Education and Child Labour27

2.9.Relationship between Poverty, Low Education and Child Labour in Nigeria28

2.10.Conclusion of the Literature Review33

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY35

3.1.Research Design36

3.2.Qualitative Research37

3.3.Data Collection Method38

3.3.1Secondary Data39

3.3.2Primary Data40

3.4.Research ...