TECHNOLOGY - IT

Semantic Web

Semantic Web

Part A

The Semantic Web

The Semantic Web (the English semantic web) is a set of activities within the World Wide Web Consortium aimed at developing technologies to publish readable data applications (machines in the terminology of the Semantic Web). It is based on the idea of adding metadata semantic and ontological to the World Wide Web. Such additional-information describing the content, meaning and relationship-data must be provided in a formal way, so that it can automatically evaluate processing machines (Antoniou & van, 2008, pp. 50). The aim is to improve Internet expanding interoperability between computer systems using "intelligent agents". Intelligent agents are computer programs that seek information without human operators. The precursor of the idea, Tim Berners-Lee, from the beginning tried to include semantic information in its creation, the World Wide Web, but for various reasons it was not possible. For this reason the concept of semantics introduced with the intention of recover the omission (Baker and Cheung, 2006, pp. 80-90).

Relationship with the Internet The Semantic Web is an extension of the Web, through which it is attempted automatically filtering but accurate information. It is necessary to make information on the Web nesting understandable by the machines. In particular we focus on the content, regardless of the syntactic structure. Or what is the same, it serves different areas, taking into account all languages, as well as procedures to add the semantics to information that, in this way, understandable by the officials responsible for processing (Allemang and Hendler, 2011, pp. 113-125). Moreover, taking into account the development and construction of the agents responsible for processing that information and to properly filter which of these is useful for users or agents who have to perform a specific function. Specifically, through this form of semantic Web can obtain solutions to common problems in finding information through the use of a common infrastructure or process by which it is possible to share process and transfer information easily. The language HTML is valid to match the visual appearance of a document and to include objects multimedia in the text (images, dialogue schemes, etc.). But it offers little chance for categorizing the elements that make up the text beyond the typical structural features, as with other languages layout (type LaTeX).

The Semantic Web would look to resolve these deficiencies. This technology provides a description of the contents, such as RDF and OWL, as well as XML, the markup language designed to describe data. These technologies combine to provide explicit descriptions of Web resources (whether these catalogs, forms, maps or other documentary object). In this way the content is disclosed, as the data of a database accessible through the Web, or the tags embedded in the document (usually on XHTML, or directly in XML, and the display instructions defined in a style sheet apart). These labels allow content managers interpret the documents and make intelligent processes capture and processing of information (B. McBride, et al., 2002, ...