Sordaria

Sordaria

Abstract

The purpose of this study on the fungus sordaria fimicola is to examine crossing over during meiosis. Crossing over should happen and hybrid sordaria should form, though in a smaller ratio then non-crossing over asci. The two allelic types of sordaria that were traversed were the black kind allele and the tan type allele. Two squares of each allele were taken from their separate myecelial mat of hyphae and placed in a crossing over Petri dish. This was finished utilising aseptic technique in alignment to bypass murdering the fungus. Aseptic technique involved submerging the metal spatula, which was utilised to transfer the fungus up on the Petri dish, into ninety-five percent ethanol, and then placed over a blaze and allowed to cool for 10 to fifteen seconds. After each fungus is placed into its corresponding quadrant, it is left to incubate in the dark at twenty-two to twenty-four degrees Celsius for seven days. After one week, the sordaria has developed and hybrids have formed. Spores are removed from the Petri dish and examined under the microscope to glimpse if hybrids have formed and if so, then which formation is visible. According to this particular experiment, out of a total of twenty-four MI and MII asci, eight were MI and sixteen were MII. Five of the sixteen were in the formation of two plus two in addition to two in addition to two, and the other eleven were in the formation of two plus four plus two. Thus the percentage of asci showing crossover is sixty-seven percent and the frequency is thirty-three and a half percent.

Sordaria

Introduction

The process of Meiosis involves 2 nuclear divisions that result in the formation of four haploid cells (2). Meiosis I is preceded by interphase, during which DNA synthesis occurs and each chromosome is made of two chromatids joined at the centromeres. In meiosis I, chromatids of homologous chromosomes may exchange parts by crossing over. During Prophase I homologous chromosomes come simultaneously and synapse. A tetrad comprising of four chromatids is furthermore formed. In Metaphase I, the crossed over tetrads line up in the center of the cell, and in Anaphase I, the homologous chromosomes separate and proceed to converse ends of the cell. In Telophase I, centriole replication is accomplished and cytokinesis and outcomes in 2 haploid cells with duplicated chromosomes. Before Meiosis II, interphase II takes location and no DNA replication occurs. Meiosis II, a second mitotic cell partition then takes location . In Prophase II, duplicated centrioles separate and proceed to converse edges of the chromosome groups. During Metaphase II, chromosomes are centralised in the middle of each daughter cell (Kitani, 2002).

Sordaria fimicola is a type of fungus often found in fecal matter. Due to its widespread nature and its similarities to other types of fungi, Sordaria fimicola is often utilised in biological research categories to illustrate the life cycle of fungi as a whole. The life cycle of a Sordaria fimicola begins with a released spore and extends until it becomes completely ...