Social Theories

Social Theories

Introduction

Generally, the systematic development of management thinking is considered to span from the termination of the nineteenth century when the large industrial organizations were emerged. The theories of management comprise of two groups; the human relations theory and the systems theory. The purpose of this essay is to describe the nature of the human relations theory and the systems theory of management. This will be followed by the advantages and disadvantages of the two management theories in police organization.

Human Relations Theory

Human Relations theory of management was evolved as a response to Taylorism. In contrast to the Taylor's mechanistic and biological scientific management theories, the human relations theory suggested the employment of methods to deal with employees as sociopsychological beings. The human relations theory, as the basis of its novel methods to intensify and increase labour productivity, suggested that human moral and psychological qualities; like values, motivation, and goals, must be specifically considered. The employment of empirical data on employee satisfaction with labour together with the impact of the psychological climate at the workplace as well as of the collective demands on the productivity of labour stimulated the endeavours to establish a program. The purpose of this program must be the harmonization of the relations amongst various individuals and groups for the order of bringing about optimum efficiency in the overall organizational performance.

The program considered the needs that arise from the progress of the contemporary technologies. The mechanization and automation of the production procedures as well as the technology now highlighted the requirement of training the employees that are capable of improving their working habits continually. Furthermore, it was established that the sweetshop methods to increase productivity were inefficient. The rational requirements of capitalist production promoted the research of significant issues within the human relations theoretical framework. These types of ...