Sleep and memory

Sleep and memory

Introduction

Independent and dependent variables

There are certain variables which are used to determine the importance of sleep and memory and other psychological processes. These variables are mainly known as dependent and independent variable. In order to process these variables there are certain variables which are observed through conducting certain experiments. A variable which changes arbitrarily is known as independent variable where as the variable which is observed is known as dependent variable.

In experimental psychology, the dependent variable often takes the form of direct answers to the questions of the experimenter. Dependent reactions have been used in experimental psychology in a very long time and are used today.

At the same time, there are two types used in the psychology of the independent variables. The first type occurs when the experimenter systematically manipulated variable, for example, by changing the amount of reinforcement for the animal to the correct answer. The second type of independent variable is based on the selection of subjects, with a particular trait or characteristic of interest. Experimenter randomly variable is called the independent variable. Mostly, the change observed in the experiment is called the dependent variable. Typically, a group of subjects is under the influence of the independent variable and the other group, which we call the "control", this impact is not receiving.

As in the rest of the experimental conditions for both groups are identical, the differences in the values ??of the dependent variable in all probability, due to changes in the independent variable. In this process, the psychologist hopes to ascertain the effect of one variable to another and identify a causal relationship, or the functional dependence of the behavior.

Several authors have discussed this process in terms of "control theory". This definition expresses the idea of ??a well-conducted study. The experimenter tries to control the variables, arbitrarily changing them or leaving permanent. Implementation of such control can be more reliably identify the factors that determine the behavior of the test (Allen, 2003).

As already noted, in simple experiments, is affected only one variable, then the observations of how these changes affect the other variable. The measurement of behaviors presumably experienced the effects of the independent variable. To describe the characteristics of behavior that are measured during the experiment and its results are, the term dependent variable. As it is noted earlier, the experiment can be described as the impact of X variable on Y and X variable. In this, the X is the independent variable and the 'Y' can be taken as dependent variable. Violence on sleep and memory on television program has been noticed very much influential, in this scenario the dependent variable is aggression (Fishbein, 1981).

Plausibility of each experiment and an opportunity to make a significant discovery is partly determined by the correctness of the choice of the dependent variable, measured in the study. As we have seen, the empirical question can be answered only if the question is formulated with a certain degree of accuracy. You can spend a little time and once again see the chapter on the formulation of empirical ...