S.A.R.A. PROBLEM SOLVING MODEL

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S.A.R.A. Problem Solving Model

Introduction

People facing or experienced community-based problems knows that such problems normally required fundamental solution. To solve these community- based issues, the causes of a problem should be accurately identified. This practice is the basis of a problem solving framework known as the S.A.R.A. Problem Solving Model. It is a logical model, when it comes to solving community related issues and problems. There are many problems solving models related to community policing, but the most popular is S.A.R.A. Using this approach, a problem can be defined as “A group of incidents occurring in a community that are similar in one or more ways, and are of concern to the police and the public”. Following the systematic steps of S.A.R.A. communities, police can effectively eliminate problems.

The four steps that make S.A.R.A. an effective approach is as following:

Scanning: which includes the identification of the problem?

Analysis: in this phase the cause, scope, and effects of the problem identified.

Response: in this phase, to alleviate the problem certain actions taken by the team.

Assessment: whether the response worked or not, the end results evaluated.

Steps in S.A.R.A Model

Scanning Steps

If the decision to implement the SARA process made, the first step is to form a form a task force of key stakeholders. This team is responsible for implementing the SARA model. The team should be representative of all the parties involved with a vested interested in the problem. By adding stakeholders in the process, it sends a positive message that anyone can be a problem solver, when it comes to community policing. It also reduces traditional bias and overly rigorous assessment. Team members are free to develop innovative and actual responses.

In the first step, that is “Scanning” team members define the symptoms of the problem and review relevant information. The team goes through following steps:

First of all problem defined with specifics.

How did the problem come to the attention?

Who being affected by the problem? (Victims, suspects, locations)

On the basis of hypothesis, what do you think is causing the problem?

Which factor is causing the most difficulty?

Preparation for Analysis

After describing all these questions, then comes the second phase “Analysis”. In this step team clearly identified the factors which contributed to the problem. Different questions were analyzed in order to know about the issue more specifically. The following questions applied to the problem:

Who is the victim?

What happened before the occurrence of problem?

Locations where problem occurs

What resources are available to solve the problem?

Who is harmed by the problem?

What difficulties and up to what extent victims faced difficulties due to a problem?

Summary of analysis steps

These steps should provide the consequences of the problem. It should also provide the policies and procedures which can be used to solve the problem.

Response Steps

After analysis, the “Response” phase comes. In the “Response”, phase team members have two key objectives: to select a response, and a response. In this phase, the key is to promote creative ideas. Development of response done through brainstorming, initially quantity of ideas is ...