Role of Spo11 in Meiosis



Role of Spo11 in Meiosis

Meiosis is a defined as type of cell division important the process of sexual reproduction in organisms having true nucleus (eukaryotes), like plants animals, and fungi. The number of chromosomes sets in the cell going through the process of meiosis is decreased to half the actual number, from diploid (two sets) to haploid (one set). There are various processes and several components involved in accomplishing of this process.

Spo11 is basically a protein used in complex with the Rad0, Mre11 and NBSI during the process of meiotic recombination (Keeney, 1997). Spo11 is also involved in double stranded breaks creation in the DNA at initial phases of this process. Tyrosine is present at the active site of Spo11 that dissociates and ligates with DNA for promoting break formation (Keeney, 2008). For one strand of DNA, one Spo11 protein is involved, therefore in each event of double stranded break, two Spo11 proteins are involved. When break event occurs (of both DNA strands, also termed as double-strand break), exchange among two molecules of DNA initiates at genetic level via homologous recombination. Thus recombination is initiated with the help of enzyme known as endonuclease, the function of which is to cut the molecule of DNS, which receives DNA that is exchanged. Enzyme Spo11 is involved in the process of meiosis that is linked to DNA topoisomerases. Topoisomerase alter DNS molecule temporarily breaking one strand or both strands, further it passes the unbroken strand or strands of DNA via break and repairing the break; topoisomerase is covalently linked with the broke ends of DNA. Similarly SPO11 protein is attached to the DNA when it produces double-strand breaks during the process of meiosis (Sprink, 2012).

Meiotic recombination takes place by a pathway that is specialized for the repair and formation of double-stranded breaks of DNA, that are formed by the Spo11 protein, archaeal topoisomerase VI relative. This study is conducted specially to analyse the relation ship of cancer and the SPO11 protein.

Meiotic Recombination initiation

The organisms that reproduce sexually utilize recombination to interface similar maternal as well as fraternal chromosomes to each other throughout prophase I of meiosis. This association is key for appropriate chromosome isolation at the first division of meiosis (1). Recombination involves in meiosis has at its mind the arrangement therefore, the resulting double-stranded breaks repair abbreviated as DSBs of DNA twofold strand breaks. The main steps involve in the pathway of recombination have been one of the most excellent, which is often characterized in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Double-stranded breaks development is catalyzed by the Spo11 protein, that seems to proceed through a topoisomerase-like response for the purpose of creating an intermediate for temporary covalent protein-DNA. After Double-stranded breaks are made, Spo11 is evacuated from the DNA molecule therefore, the 5' strand ends are usually resected nucleolytically to produce 3' single-stranded tails that are of variable-length. In an arrangement of responses reliant on homologs (yeast) of bacterial RecA, such tails experience strand attack of sound homologous duplexes, which ...