Research Methods in Environmental Biology III

ENV BIOL 3006



Research Methods in Environmental Biology III

ENV BIOL 3006

Question 1

1. Present a histogram of the data.

A histogram is a graphical representation of the frequency distribution of metric scaled features. It requires the classification of the data into classes (bins), which can have a constant or variable width.

Bin

Frequency

Cumulative %

0.9

1

12.50%

1.45

5

75.00%

More

2

100.00%

The following steps are necessary in the construction of a histogram:

Set of values ??divided into classes

Absolute / relative frequency of the pattern class

Determination of frequency density

Histogram represent graphically

2. What is the mean and standard deviation of undulation rate?

Mean

1.375

Standard Deviation

0.324037035

3. Calculate the standard error of the mean undulation rate.

This indicates how much the sample average approaches the true average of the population from which we extracted the data set.

Standard Error of the Mean

0.114564392

The longer the sample, the smaller the standard error, and the closer the sample mean to the average population. It can be obtained by dividing the square root of the sample size by the standard deviation of the sample.

4. State the null hypothesis (Ho) that the researchers wish to test.

Ho: Mean of the undulation rate differed significantly from the theoretical rate of 1 undulation per second (which was based on the musculature of the organism).

5. Perform the appropriate statistical test to assess evidence against this hypothesis (Hint: there are a range of statistical tables for you to choose fromat the end of the assignment).

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 1

t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean Difference

95% Confidence Interval of the Difference

Lower

Upper

VAR00001

3.273

7

.014

.37500

.1041

.6459

To test whether the mean of a population is significantly different from a given value, the contrast shown is the One-Sample T Test.It can be advised from the results that there exists significant differences between the mean values obtained from the theoretical rate of 1 undulation per second.

6. How any degrees of freedom do you have?

There are 7 degrees of freedom.

7. What P-value (a) did you use for the test? Does this lead you to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis?

The magnitude of a i.e. 0.14 obtained from the results indicates that the null hypothesis is accepted. It means that there exist significant difference in the mean values from the as the magnitude of alpha is less than the level of significance.

Question 2

1. How many factors are being compared in this data set?

There are two factors compared in the data set, these include adult density and season.

2. Are the factor(s) fixed, ...