Requirements Elicitation & Database Design and Normalization Databases
Abstract
Owing to rapidly changing customer needs and much shorter product life cycles, for developing a successful product it is imperative to employ more efficient and flexible approaches for product conceptualization. To meet this demand, a Web-enabled product definition and customization system (PDCS) is proposed, from a design-knowledge-handling viewpoint, in this paper. It comprises two phases, namely product definition based on the laddering technique and a novel design knowledge hierarchy, and product customization based on an integrated methodology of conjoint analysis and Kohonen association techniques. Basically, this system is a method of conducting design decision-making via customer involvement, i.e. a strategy for transforming customer preference into a specific product concept. A case study on wood golf club design is used to illustrate and validate the proposed Web-enabled PDCS. Confusion exists among database textbooks as to the goal of normalization as well as to which normal form a designer should aspire. The advent of larger and more complex software systems has resulted in the need to reconsider the ways in which information pertaining to those systems is stored, visualized, organized, and retrieved. We present a normalization framework for the design of multimedia database schemas with reduced manipulation anomalies. To this end, we introduce new extended dependencies. Such dependencies are based on distance functions that are used for detecting semantic relationships between complex data types. Based upon these new dependencies, we have defined five multimedia normal forms. Finally, we have performed a simulation on a large image data set to analyze the impact of the proposed framework in the context of content-based retrieval applications and in e-learning applications.
Table of Contents
Abstractii
Chapter 1: Introduction5
Background5
Requirements Engineering Process7
System Requirements Development8
Requirements Gathering/Elicitation From Various Sources9
Requirements Analysis And Documentation9
System Requirements Validation And Verification10
Normalization criteria11
Chapter 2: Literature Review19
The Product Definition Phase21
Review Of Requirements Elicitation Methods23
Categories Of Elicitation Methods26
Traditional Techniques26
Cognitive Techniques31
Model-driven Techniques33
Confronting Requirements Of Wide Audience End-Users34
Contextual Technique - Contextual Inquiry36
Cognitive Technique - Critical Success Chains40
Chapter 3: Extended Dependencies for normalization43
Type-M Functional Dependencies (MFDs)44
Inference Rules46
The reflexive rule47
The Augmentation Rule47
The Decomposition Rule48
The pseudotransitive rule48
Multivalued and Join Type-M Dependencies52
Comparing MFD with Other Extended Dependencies59
Normal Forms in System Databases65
Chapter 4: Requirements Elicitation67
Chapter 5: Normalization Framework Evaluation73
Evaluating The Framework In An Image Retrieval Context75
Discussion80
Chapter 6: Conclusion and Future Work86
References90
Appendices98
Chapter 1: Introduction
Information systems have become a necessary investment in most agencies' overall business strategy, performing basic operations, supporting executive decisions, satisfying management reporting requirements and the need for public access to information. Improvements are needed in the quality, effectiveness and productivity of information system development methods to offset an increasing demand and a growing information system inventory. Developing and supporting an information system is complex and requires extensive planning similar to plans used routinely in engineering projects (Wu; et.al 2005 41).
Background
The concept of socio-technical systems was established to stress the reciprocal interrelationship between humans and machines and to foster the program of shaping both theoretical and the social conditions of work. A socio-technical system can be regarded as a theoretical construct for describing and explaining technology generally (Boutilier Bacchus and Brafman 2001 56-64). This chapter helps to describe a multidisciplinary role of requirements ...