Renewable Energy: An alternative source of power for Bangladesh

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Acknowledgement

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DECLARATION

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Abstract

Bangladesh has very limited nonrenewable power resources of its own. She is opposite power urgent situation and grave desertification difficulty in country areas. These issues could be removed if renewable energy is used as primary source of energy in rural areas. It is essential for scientists and researchers to find out renewable energy resources and effective technologies. Bangladesh is endowed with vast renewable energy resources such as biomass and solar insulation. Besides, hydro and breeze power can be advised as potential renewable power resources. Harnessing these resources appears to be promising solution for improving quality of life of rural villagers. The government and many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have tried to comprehend and have strived to address problem of energy. This paper reviews renewable energy resources and renewable energy technologies (RETs) practicing in Bangladesh in terms of its implementation, research and development activities. The development and test of schemes are mostly funded so far by donor bureaus in collaboration with government and NGOs. Biomass power causes are conventionally utilised for household preparing food and in little country industries.

Approximately 60% of total energy demand of country is supplied by indigenous biomass based fuels. Activities on development and promotion of biomass technologies have been going on for one decade. Some nationwide and worldwide funds have been accessible for biogas expertise, advanced biomass cookers and output of biomass briquettes. At time, around 25,000 biogas plants exist all over country in rural areas and educational institutes, etc. More than 0.20 million advance ovens have been established to save biomass fuel. Over 900 briquetting machines have been operating in country on commercial basis. The annual solar emission availability in Bangladesh is as high as 1700 kWh/m2. Research and demonstration activities carried out for one decade have led to start of large-scale utilization of PV (solar photovoltaic) by various organizations and by NGOs. More than 61,500 solar PV systems of total capacity around 3 MW and 260 hot box cookers have been installed all over country mainly in off-grid rural, hill tracks and coastal Bangladesh.

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION8

Background of study8

Problem Statement9

Research Aims and Objectives9

Rationale/ Nature of study10

Research Question10

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW11

Energy policy14

Renewable energy resources and technologies practice16

Biomass resource16

Agricultural residues16

Wood and wood wastes16

Animal dung18

Municipal solid wastes19

Technologies practice for biomass22

Improved Cooking stoves22

Biogas plant23

Biomass briquetting26

Gasification and, pyrolysis of organic solid wastes27

Research and development activities in field of biomass28

Organizations and their activities for overall development of RETs for biomass29

Projects by government organizations29

RETs program by NGOs and private sector31

Bilateral and multilateral ...