REFLECTIVE REPORT

Glo-Bus Business Simulation



Glo-Bus Business Simulation

Executive Summary

In this essay we will examine how certain theories of group work and group dynamics may be applied within a Glo-bus group work. We will first briefly describe what may be understood by the terms `group`, and `group work` with specific regard to group work theory. We will then look at Tuckman's theory of group stage development, describing each stage and relating this theory to practical examples from my own experience and look briefly at the potential for oppressive behaviour in each stage and how this can be minimized. Next we will look at what is understood by group leadership, looking at three broad styles of leadership and how these may be applied effectively within a youth work setting. We will then look at how individual roles can develop and inhibit group development.

This essay is illustrated throughout with examples from my own practice experience. These examples are drawn from two particular groups with which I have been involved in a leadership capacity.                    

What is A Group: Defining Group work

Groups may be defined in many ways, indeed providing an absolute definition of a group, as with much of the theory around group work, is highly problematic and contestable. However for the purposes of discussing group work within a context of working with young people we may define a group as a small gathering of young people. Group work may simplistically be described as the study and application of the processes and outcomes experienced when a small group comes together. Thus the role of group work can be seen as one which places emphasis on sharing of thoughts, ideas, problems and activities.

Stages of Group Development

Groups like individuals in which each are with their own experiences and expectations. However many commentators studying group development and dynamics have recognised that group development, as a generalisation, is more predictable than individual behaviour. Thus many theories of group stage development have been cultivated, some linear, others more cyclical, and it must be stressed that no definitive model of group stage development exists.

Two of the most useful theories of group stage development are those discussed by Tuckman (1965), and Rogers's paper on encounter groups (1967). These models, like others (for example Heap, 1977) propose that as groups develop and change they pass through stages which may be conceptualised. Tuckman's model has been used extensively within youth work theory and practice and is an excellent model for attempting to analyse individual and group behaviour. A brief synopsis of each stage is outlined below, with examples from personal practice.

Stage 1: Forming

The first stage of this group process is joining, referred to as engagement by Rogers. This phase involves significant testing, and trial and error. Initial concerns about openness and support within the group are manifested by a lack of cohesion and a difficulty in sharing thoughts, feelings and experiences with each other.

Stage 2: Storming

This stage sees group members begin to confront each other as they begin to vie for roles within the group that ...