Reflective For Lectures

Reflections

Reflection 1

The first two major systematizers of political thought, Plato and Aristotle understood the policy regarding the study of the polis, its structures, institutions, constitution. Is Aristotle the idea that politics is the science "higher" or more importantly your time worried about a government capable of ensuring the well-being (good government) society. However, it was not until the Renaissance that the policy began to acquire, in fact, outlines of a science. The modern political science is a relatively new discipline, which some authors date its emergence (at least when it comes to modern political science) in the sixteenth century, with Niccolo Machiavelli.

It was Machiavelli who, in modern times, has become a major contributor to give the policy a certain autonomy, seeking to study and know the truth of the actual facts, adopting a framework more compatible with today's demands that Aristotle, considered, so as the father of political science. But the study of contemporary political science, in one sense, it is still the same as that of Aristotle, only taking into account the full complexity of contemporary social-political organizations and assuming a methodological orientation and objective research compatible with the requirements of current science.

Political science is the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems, organizations and political processes and political behavior. Involves the study of the structure (and change of structure) and processes of government. Political science covers many fields, such as political philosophy , political systems, ideology, political economy, geopolitics, public policy analysis, international relations and outdoor studies of public administration and government, legal policy ( Policy and Human Rights ) legislative process, among others.

Reflection 2

An important dimension that takes the Political Science is the sociological. The political phenomenon is a social par excellence, as defined by Durkheim. Thus, the political fact will be the nucleus of a special sociology, sociology Policy. The application of strict criteria for the analysis of sociological phenomena which relate to the political reality brought about a discipline called Political Sociology. There is a common sphere of study and research between Political Science and Political Sociology: groups, social classes, institutions, public opinion, political regimes, ideologies, utopias etc.

Furthermore, the study of the state and political phenomenon is a highlight and culmination of the work of Max Weber. Weber found in studies of the social bases where the power lies, investigates the political regime and the party organization, ask themselves the forms of legitimate authority. On the other hand, in a trend imprint exclusively juridical Kelsen builds a General Theory of the State, founded on legal bases features a theory that the State has assimilated the law. From this perspective, the state is explained by unity of law rules of a system so that anyone clarify the law as a rule, will elucidate the State. Situating Law and the State in respect of identity, this theory makes any State, the rule of law. A less radical approach is the General Theory of State an appendix or introduction to ...