Questions about History

Questions about History

Q. no. 1: Discuss the implications of the Columbian Exchange. What crops and animals were being shipped back and forth? Was there a negative side to this exchange?

The Columbian Exchange is an extensive exchange of commodities, which had started since after the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. The exchange was principally between the American and Afro-European aboriginals, who traded animals, plants, slaves, culture values and other goods.

The most commonly traded crops include potatoes, tomatoes, maze sugarcane and coffee. However, the trade has also made the exchange of oranges, bananas, paprika, pineapples and chili pepper. Whereas, the trade of animals include horses, donkeys, camels, honey bees and chicken.

The only negative factor in this trade is that it had also transferred diseases transversally across the continent, in which Malaria was considerably the most lethal.

Q. no. 2: Discuss the origins of the English Reformation. What were the religious, social, and economic implications of the English Reformation?

English Reformation took place in 16th century, followed by a series of events, which had decentralized the power of the Church of England from the hands of Popes and Roman Catholics (Houlbrooke, 1979). The reformation has affected various religious practices across Europe.

The origin of this reformation commenced with the advent of printing press, known as Gutenberg, which had printed Bibles and distributed it amongst common people (Houlbrooke, 1979). Thus people, who once go to the church, started practicing as per their own understanding of the Bible, and power of pope within the social arrangement had died (Houlbrooke, 1979).

The implication in context to religion is that it different school of thoughts had started emerging, which eventually created sub-sects within Christianity. In social context, governmental policies started changing, and different public opinions were started to come forward (Houlbrooke, 1979). Moreover, economically England had drastically lost its business, intra-national and international, which ended up in a coup.

Q. no. 3: Discuss the rise of Absolutism. Which countries had an Absolute Monarchy? Which countries did not?

It is a monarchial structure of government in which a monarch is principally the chief head of the state, who exercises a lawless and constitution free governance (Klaits, 1976). The rise of absolutism happened in the era of Louis XIV of France, who was considered as the most successful absolute monarch of all time (Klaits, 1976).

Currently, there are many states in the world, which are practicing Absolute Monarchy that includes Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, UAE, Brunei and Vatican City (Klaits, 1976).

However, most of the countries in the world do not practice monarchy, including USA, Canada, India, Pakistan, Australia etc.Q. no. 4: Define absolutism. Give examples of three absolute monarchs, and show how their specific actions and policies illustrate your definition.

Absolutism or Absolute Monarch is a system of governance, in which an autocrat exercises decisively as chief authority of the state (Klaits, 1976). There are various famous monarchs present in the history books and are practicing over their kingdoms. However, amongst them, three famous includes Louis XIV of France, King Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz and ...