QUANTITATIVE SUBCELLULAR ORGANELLE PROTEOMICS OF

Quantitative subcellular organelle proteomics of Breast Cancer

Quantitative subcellular organelle proteomics of Breast Cancer

AbstractCancer is one of the most fatal diseases among human beings. Cancer is caused by the uncontrolled and abnormal growth of body cells that invade and destroy other tissues. Breast cancer is a general term used for different types of cancer that develop from breast tissue cells. It is the leading cause of women's deaths in the United States, Canada and United Kingdom. Proteomics procedures founded on mass spectrometry are only apt for digressive measurements of spatial position and we have thus intensified on the distribution of proteins between distinct subcellular organelles. To bypass the need for multiple purification procedures for numerous distinct organelles, we have utilised partial purification based on sucrose slope centrifugation pursued by high throughput proteomics investigation of the protein content of different parts from the sucrose gradient. Distribution analysis is utilised to display that there are numerous proteins which can be reliably shown to be present in more than one subcellular organelle. On the cornerstone of these primary outcomes, we assess the prospects that the present “low resolution” distribution between cytosol, plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria can be amplified to a more complete set of subcellular organelles. We display clues that the majority of discerned proteins have multiple subcellular locations, that present annotations of protein subcellular location are still sparse, and that multiple positions can be monitored for large figures of proteins implicated in breast cancer. We consider the prospects for investigating dynamic spatio/temporal changes in protein circulation between distinct subcellular locations as a outcome of cellular purposeful state.

Quantitative subcellular organelle proteomics of Breast Cancer

1. Introduction

The proteomics of breast cancer has already delivered significant data in terms of proteome profiling, in addition to the identification of a few proteins of potential interest for diagnosis and treatment. It has now entered a new phase, dominated by the concepts of deep proteome analysis and the identification of interaction networks leading to mammary cell deregulation and cancer progression1. The difficulties of this phase should not be underestimated; proteome is complex and breast cancer is a multifactorial disease. Breast cancer is, moreover, one of the most frequent human malignancies, causing up to 20% of female cancer deaths, while the estimated total number of those still living with it is only around 3.9% higher in the more developed countries than in the less developed. Eradicating the threat of breast cancer in women is one of the most arduous tasks faced by medical workers. The estimated global annual incidence of breast cancer is 1.05 million new cases per year. Although it has been studied extensively for some decades, its underlying molecular basis is still not fully understood. Ninety percent of human breast tumours originate from epithelial cells. Among these, 95% of breast carcinomas express phenotypic markers suggesting that they originate from luminal epithelial cells. Clinical and histopathological data suggest that breast neoplasms represent different stages, from benign fibroadenomas to aggressive infiltrating ...