Psychosocial Stages

Psychosocial Stages

Introduction

The paper attempts to discuss the concept of psychosocial stages of human development in a holistic context. The development of personal identity continues for a lifetime (Newman & Newman, 2011). The paper discusses the Erik Erikson's eight stages of development including infants, early childhood, the Age of the game, the school age, adolescence, young adults, adulthood and aging. It then explains the Freudian Psychosexual Stages, which include the oral phase, anal phase, phallic phase, latency period and genital phase.

Discussion

Erik Erikson's 8 Stages

According to psychologist Erik Erikson, every human being during life experiences eight psychosocial stages of development, which is caused by the social problems he faces at different stages of his life. These stages overlap and each individual lives these phases in a different manner of his own (Lerner, 2002). The stages are described below:



Infants (Up to Two Years).

According to the basic physiological needs will be satisfied or not, it will develop is a sense of basic trust in the world, an instinctive distrust.



Early Childhood (2-3 Years).

During early learning, especially that of cleanliness, if parents understand the child and help him control his body, he will make the experience of autonomy. Where scrutiny too harsh or inconsistent, for fear of losing control of his body, he will feel shame and doubt (Schultz & Schultz, 2005).

The Age of the Game (3-5 Years).

At this age, where the child asserts itself by mastering the language, mobility and imagination, the projects he does and we'll let him make will give them the sense of initiative.



The School Age (6-12 Years).

The child, learning to work, prepares for future tasks. Given the educational methods of his teacher, he developed a taste for either good work or a feeling of inferiority with regard to his abilities or his place in relation ...