PROJECT# 03



PROJECT# 03

Introduction

Natural disasters result in crippling economic losses and human tragedy, hampering development wherever and whenever they occur. Due to recent rapid urbanization in developing countries, many people reside in buildings and areas that are vulnerable to natural disasters. Disasters that strike in developing countries can severely impair efforts to alleviate poverty. In order to reduce the effects of natural disasters, and human losses in particular, proactive disaster risk management should be promoted in multi-disciplinary ways. To meet this need, disaster management experts must be cultivated through professional education and training, so that they may develop, then apply suitable disaster management policies and techniques in line with local conditions.

In order to enhance the capacity of professionals in developing countries to cope with natural disasters, the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS) offers a master's degree program in Disaster Management Policy. This Program is offered jointly with the International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering (IISEE) of the Building Research Institute (BRI); the International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM) of the Public Works Research Institute (PWRI); and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). This program is administered as a JICA training program under Official Development Assistance from the Government of Japan. Through the program, students will (Thierry et al, 2008):

acquire knowledge in seismology, earthquake engineering, tsunami disaster mitigation, and water-related disasters, as well as basic knowledge necessary for disaster risk management;

learn theories on which disaster management policies are based, while studying Japanese policies and systems; and

cultivate the capability to develop concrete technologies and policies in line with local conditions, by utilizing a problem-solving approach.

Disaster planning and management system is the secondary development system based on the geographic information system (GIS) software tools and is capable of storing and managing spatial data of various comprehensive disaster prevention and the attributes of these data through GIS technology combining prevention model.

In the past ten years, the GIS in the field of earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation had been utilized. In the early stages of the GIS into the application to disaster prevention, many researchers have utilized the GIS technology for seismic hazard analysis, seismic fortification zonation, structural vulnerability analysis and post-earthquake disaster relief, etc (Silvia & Maxx, 2009). The GIS is able to provide qualified graphics which meet the demands for graphics in the analysis of the disaster mitigation and prevention. Furthermore, the powerful database functions of the GIS enable it to handle a large number of intermediate results in the process, thus preventing the previous artificial analysis, which may easily lead to wrong results.

In order to satisfy the demands of employing Geographic Information System (GIS) for carrying out abundant analysis and decision making in the planning of urban hazard prevention, it is desirable to develop a decision-making and management system in the United State Urban Hazard Prevention Planning Study. This paper analyses the basic structure of the decision-making and management system for the planning of urban hazard prevention based on Arc ...