PRISONER RE-ENTRY

Criminal and Social Justice in United States

Abstract

This paper discusses the criminal and social justice process in the United States in a holistic context. The relationship between the criminal justice and social justice are discussed in detail with reference to scholarly articles, criminal and social justice journals, publications and books. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the theories of criminal and social justice through relating it to the constitution of the United States of America. Moreover, the paper gives detailed application of knowledge from socio-economic diversity to present day criminal and social justice theories. In addition to this, the consolidations of different domestic agencies relating to criminal and social justice are assessed along with the critical overview of the global characteristics of the criminal and social justice.

Table of Contents

Introduction3

Discussion and Analysis4

Prisoner Re-Entry:6

Prisoner Re-entry and Electronic monitoring:7

Mental Illness and Prisoner Re-entry:8

Relationship of social justice and the operations of the criminal justice system:9

Analysis of criminal and social justice theories in relation to the U.S Constitution:11

Relative Deprivation Theory:11

Strain Theory:11

Marxist Theory:12

Knowledge application- Cultural diversity to contemporary criminal and social justice:16

Assessment of criminal justice agencies:18

International Criminal Justice:19

Conclusion21

References22

Criminal and Social Justice in United States

Introduction

Justice is a social obligation as well as a description of appropriate social conduct. The concept of justice and, in particular, social justice, has a wide variety of meanings. Justice is fundamental to ethical theory and political philosophy. It is an overarching idea that has prominence in the fields of philosophy, political science, social policy, religion, psychology, and the law. The term, justice, is usually divided into formal or procedural justice and material substantive justice. Justice is often associated with issues of equity (impartiality) and equality. Both areas deal with due process, impartiality, and the distribution of justice; however, procedural justice focuses on how justice is distributed in society, and substantive justice focuses on the individual and individual freedoms. Procedural justice is thought to benefit the individual even if justice is not equally distributed. Our system of justice emphasizes equal outcomes. This theory resembles former political theories that adopt a notion that a rising tide floats all boats. Another problem with the issue of justice is that the principles are often obscure and difficult to apply from a theoretical perspective to a practical application. For example, procedural justice might deal with an issue such as equal opportunity but describing what criteria to employ in considering people as equal remains difficult. The treatment of criminals is another murky area. American justice is supposed to believe in rehabilitation, but our focus is often on retribution. The American justice system's emphasis is on punishing those who commit illegal activities, on getting even. Restorative justice policies focus on awarding the victim some form of compensation. Within the United States especially there is a call for justice to be fair since justice is viewed as an essential part of a legitimate government, and many cultures believe that societies should be instilled with principals of justice.

Discussion and Analysis

The concept of social justice describes an ideal state of society where ...