POSTSTRUCTRIALISM

Poststructuralists and Matrialists Approach



Poststructuralists and Matrialists Approach

Materialists Approach

Materialism is a philosophical current in opposition to idealism, solve the cardinal problem of philosophy or fundamental about the relationship between thinking and being, between spirit and nature, postulating that the matter is primary and consciousness and thought, are the result of this, from a highly organized state. This concept also addresses another aspect of the relationship of human thought and the world around him and the knowability of the world. According to this conception, the world is material and exists objectively, independently of the consciousness. Consciousness and thought are developed from a higher level of organization of matter, in a process of reflection of objective reality.

He further argues that the matter has not been created out of nothing, which exists in eternity and that the world and its regularities are knowable by man, because you can prove the correctness of this conception of a natural process, reproducing ourselves, creating as a result of its conditions and also putting it to serve our own purposes.

The concept is not confined to the philosophical view of the world but also to science. Although the natural sciences-materialist approaches have been ruled not long ago, in social sciences has been in recent centuries a controversy over materialism as a research approach. More recently Marvin Harris proposed a research approach materialistic cultures and societies called cultural materialism. And even Paul and Patricia Churchland have promoted an extreme form of materialism, known as eliminative materialism which holds that mental phenomena do not actually exist and that talk of mental reflexes, as in popular psychology is like giving credit diseases caused by the devil. In Spain, a current representative of the material with a similar line of thinking is, for example Martin Lopez Corredoira, advocating a world view in which everything that exists is matter-energy according to their corresponding physical laws of nature and excluding the possibility of any other non-material entity (mind, free will, individual as a being with its own identity, feelings, relegating him to mere), or mental representation of something lacking in other . Materialism has frequently been understood as an entirely scientific and rational world view, particularly by religious thinkers who oppose him and Marxists. Materialism as a philosophical or scientific principle typically contrasts with dualism, the phenomenology, the idealism and vitalism. In common parlance is used as a pejorative label for a lifestyle that seeks wealth, money and comfort, rather than spiritual or mental development, which has nothing to do with the position of materialist philosophers or scientists, but applies better at the end consumerism .

Poststructuralist Approach

Poststructuralism is the generalizing name for a number of philosophical and methodological approaches to understand the cultural activities and interpretation of cultural texts, formed in 70 to 90's by overcoming denial and the structuralist approach. Like structuralism, Poststructuralism most clearly manifested in France, where one of his representatives include Derrida, C. Castoriadis, Lyotard, Baudrillard, Deleuze, R. Barth (in the late period of his work), and organized ...