Planning in Organization

Planning in Organization

Introduction

This paper discusses about one of the most important functions of management, termed as 'planning'. Planning is the core outline of the strategies and tactics that are used to attain the targets set by the management for the organizational success (Levitt, 2004). Further the role and importance of planning for an organization is also discussed in this paper. Planning strategies of an organization are presented briefly.

Planning is the process of development and adoption of targets and quantitative and qualitative determination of how to achieve them in the best possible way at a certain time horizon (Stephen, 2004). Plan is to make goals; goals that a company is also influenced by events that are coming to happen as desired. Planning involves making decisions to choose among alternative courses of action, or is to decide in advance: What, When, Where and How? It will make the decisions and decides who and how will these be executed (Lorenzen, 2006).

Importance of planning in the enterprise to be overestimated, as it is a landmark plan sought by the organization, whiles the criterion of success of its activities (Lusch, 2005). Planning is the process of development and adoption of targets and quantitative and qualitative determination of how to achieve them in the best possible way at a certain time horizon.

Discussion

Planning is the definition of objectives and the functioning of the organization, as well as ways and means of achieving them (Kotler, 2008). Any organization cannot carry out its business without proper planning, as it is needed to make management decisions regarding:

allocation of resources;

coordination between different departments;

coordination with the environment (market);

an effective internal structure;

control activities;

Planning provides timely decisions, avoids hasty decisions, establishes a clear goal and a clear way to implement it, and the opportunity to control the situation (Allison and Jude, 2005). In general, in the planning process are:

goal-setting process (definition of objectives);

process of combining the (coordination) of goals and means of achieving them;

development of the existing system or the unity of the organization and its future development.

The planning or planning is the process through which a company analyzes the external environment, analyzes its internal situation, and develops objectives according to such analysis, and design strategies and courses of action to achieve those goals (Patrick and Suzanne, 1993). The planning process involves an evaluation of the organization's objectives in terms of what resources are needed for this, and whether they are available when it becomes necessary, and in amounts that would be required.

Planning for a company is vital, as this will help to take extended time and achieve sustainable success (Mckeown 2012). Companies that have achieved success had adequate planning that led to achieve many objectives that are plotted. This is due to the fact that planning is one of the most important functions of management at any level of organization (Fahey, 2004).

Strategic planning is a formalized process of long-term planning, which is used to define and achieve organizational goals. Strategic planning is formal, comprehensive, realistic, flexible, continuous, and accepted ...