Philosophy

John Locke

John Locke was born in Wrington (near Bristol), England , on August 29, 1632. He was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. In 1658 he became tutor and professor of Greek and rhetoric. He returned to Oxford and studied medicine. Locke's fame was greater as a philosopher than as teacher. Almost all later thought was influenced by his empiricism, before emptying into the skepticism of Hume. In the pedagogical, Locke did not intend to create an educational system, but to explain the guidelines of education for the children of the nobility, hence their ideas represent as much a reflection of the perception of his time teaching as a deep reflection on its merits, defects and scope (Tate). Decisively influenced by the ideas of the Glorious Revolution and the British Bill of Rights of 1689. After some vicissitudes in the world of international politics, which earned him many problems, Locke turned the experience of intellectual life in two important works: Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690) and Thoughts on Education (1692).

His epistemology (theory of knowledge) does not believe in the existence of innateness and determinism , considering the knowledge of sensory origin, and therefore rejects the absolute idea in favor of mathematical probability. For Locke, knowledge only extends to the relationships between facts, the how, not why. Moreover cree perceive global harmony, beliefs and assumptions relied on self-evident, so that his thoughts also contain elements of rationalism and mechanism. He believes in a God creator close to the Calvinist conception of the great watchmaker, basing his argument on our own existence and the impossibility of anything to produce the being , a God as it is described as the thinker of rationalism Descartes in the Discourse on Method , in the third part of it. Of the divine essence can be known only the accidents and their designs can only be advised through the natural laws (Moots & Forster). It treats religion as a private and individual, which affects only the relationship between man and God , not human relations. Under this privatization, the man is freed from its dependence on ecclesiastical discipline and charges and subtracts the religious legitimacy to the political authority, since it considers that there is no biblical basis for a state Christian. Consider the natural law a divine decree that imposes global harmony through a mindset (reverence, fear of God, natural filial affection, love of neighbor), specified in prohibited acts (stealing, killing and ultimately any violation of freedom of others), which require for coexistence.

Josef Pieper's the Leisure Basis of Culture Book

Americans have an ambivalent relationship with leisure and recreation. Creating anxiety about free time, the Puritan legacy has been the basis of efforts to promote productive leisure and suppress seemingly frivolous pastimes. Suspicions about technology have also intensified Americans' uneasiness about leisure (Xing). Many observers saw new leisure technologies as threats to personal autonomy and parental authority, while promoters of technological innovations addressed these concerns by casting their inventions as part of a ...