Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Pediatric Orthopedics

Pediatric Orthopedics is technically described as the branch of orthopedics that is dedicated to the study and care of diseases affecting bone, muscle structures and ligament during growth of the child from birth through age 18. It is important to understand that children "are not little adults." It is precisely their growth that makes the difference and which plays a fundamental role in the evolution and prognosis of diseases and / or injuries that occur during this stage (Brunner, Hasler, & Jundt, 2007).

The musculoskeletal injuries that occur during the birth arise during growth and development or result from traumatic injuries, thus they are different in childhood. It often goes unnoticed and its diagnosis depends on knowledge of the characteristics of this age and a high index of suspicion pathologies and a careful clinical examination.

Hosea dysplasia

Genu valgum - This angulation of the knees becomes apparent after 2 years of age. In its own way Physiological or growth, is common to find a angle between 8-10 degrees to 4 years old who kept to himself adult (5-7 degrees) between 6 and 7 years old. It is typically accompanied by a flexible flatfoot can be severe. Your assessment should be performed early on so adequately determine the proper course of action (Elgazzar, & Shehab, 2006).

Joint Pain

While we consider that pain is a symptom indicative of some disease, it is common to observe that during the growing children complain of passing inconvenience, mainly calves and thighs (Staheli, 2008). These symptoms may be caused by physical activity and muscle wasting reflects. However, it is important to watch for signs escorts as claudicating, asymmetry, restricted motion, fever, malaise, joint swelling, redness or increased temperature in the area of ??pain. It is also important when the child did not want to, without any apparent reason, make their physical activities. The most common diseases that cause joint pain or claudicating in children are:

Traumatic

Transient synovitis.

Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis

Developmental Dysplasia of Hip

Legg-Calve-Perthes.

Slip epiphyseal hip.

Chondromalacia

Neoplasms.

All of the above are diseases whose only manifestation may be pain in varying degrees and require a high index of suspicion. It is therefore required assessment by the specialist for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. It also includes Flatfoot, Scoliosis, Equine Foot varum, Cerebral Palsy, Neurologic Diseases and Hip Dysplasia.

Orthopedic diseases affect the spine, hip, knees and extremities, such as shoulders, elbows, ankles and hands (Taylor, 2013). Therefore, diseases that are often significantly limit mobility, affect the productivity of individual as well as their quality of life but there are ways to minimize its evolution and consequences after diagnosis and proper treatment is done. However, it is estimated that more than half of patients do not seek medical help and live daily with pain.

Treasury Growth

Genu varum - This is a condition with which all children are born because of the position taken whilst in the womb. It is considered "Physiological" or normal birth and up to 18 months, usually affects ...