ORGANIC MATTER IN WATER

Organic Matter in Water

Organic Matter in Water

Water Pollution

Due to natural and man-made pollutants in the water there will be a substantial increase over the self-purification capacity of the water body, so that the relative balance between the various components of the water damage, which led to deterioration in water quality, then it is contaminated. Natural causes, such as the special geological condition in some areas the water of chemical element enrichment, or water death organisms produce some toxins in the process of decay. Man-made causes such as domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, and of farmland drainage of water pollution are causing water pollution, which are the most important, and the most serious factors (David, 2011).

Many types of pollutants are present in the water, mainly suspended solids, acids, bases, salts, heavy metal compounds, organic substances, radioactive substances, pathogenic microorganisms and parasites. Suspended solids can block the light, affecting photosynthesis of aquatic plants, can harm fish gills. Acid, alkali, and salt change the pH of the water, leading to changes in the populations of aquatic organisms. Heavy metal compounds (compounds of elements such as mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium, cobalt, and copper) are not easily broken down in the water, and are easy to accumulate in certain parts of the human body through the food chain, and lead to chronic poisoning. Organic matters decompose in the water to consume oxygen in the water; toxic organics, to enter aquatic life and the human body through the food chain; nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter to enable algae and phytoplankton overgrown, and consume a lot of oxygen in the water, and make aquatic organisms' hypoxia death. After the death of these creatures, rotting corpses also causes water to stink. Radioactive substances can harm aquatic organisms, pathogenic microorganisms and parasites transmitted diseases.

Sources of pollutants in the water are many: some from industrial waste residue and waste water, for example, often contained by a battery factory, printing factory wastewater the Lead Instrument Factory, thermometer plant wastewater often contains mercury, electroplating plants, coking plant wastewater and slag often contain cyanide (Brown, Rakovan, & Schoonen, 2000). Tanneries, food plant wastewater often contains more organic matter; others from farmland drainage, such as organic pesticides; sewage and domestic water and some from the hospital, such as pathogenic microorganisms and parasites.

Organic Pollution in Water

Organic pollutants are referred to here in the form of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, amino acids and other natural organic substances and certain other synthetic biodegradable organic substances. These organic matters come from sewage and part of the industrial wastewater. After the organic contaminants from entering the body of water the substances in water bodies changes and destruct the original material balance state (Barrett, 2000). Discharged into the body of water in the case of aerobic, that is, a higher level of dissolved oxygen, organic contaminants, is separated by physical, chemical, physico-chemical and biochemical reactions, and decomposition, so that the body of water is substantially or completely restored to the original state of equilibrium ...