OBESITY

Obesity



Obesity

Introduction

Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by excess fat, which can be establish an early age in life and is difficult to reverse, so that its prevalence increases with increasing age. The obesity is a chronic disease caused by many reasons and with many complications, is characterized by excess fat in the body and occurs when the body mass index in adults is greater than 25 units (Robinson, 2009). The causes leading to this disease are due to different factors: genetic, socioeconomic, psychological, hormonal, related to development, and reduced activity physical (Sciarani & Thomas, 2010). Previously considered the person with overweight as a person who was in good health, but now we know that obesity has multiple complications, and the most common are: the disease cardiovascular, diabetes mellitus, and cancer (Owen, 2010).

Obese people are at risk of disease or death increased for any illness, injury or accident. The means of communication and fashion, affect the self esteem of the person suffering from this disease, because the images they broadcast, are images of skinny girls and bulked-up guys, which can reduce a person's ability to develop self-esteem (Blew et al., 2002). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity and overweight have reached epidemic characters worldwide. More than one billion adults are overweight, including the least 300 million are obese (Barness & Opitz, 2007). The problem is enhanced when consider the dire consequences that excess weight leads to health. Obesity can reduce life expectancy of a person to 10 years and cause death, and, from another angle, is a high economic burden to society (Wang & Dietz, 2010).

We cannot fail to mention the influence of parents and society. Some parents spend more time criticizing their children than praising, and people also may be subject to teasing and negative comments, which can sometimes affect a person's image and self body of the recipient (Heslehurst, 2010). Having an attitude and a positive lifestyle healthy (like exercising, eating and good nutrition), are a perfect combination to develop high self-esteem (Robinson, 2009). The treatment for obesity is very varied, it must begin with a medical evaluation and follow the development of a plan: General psychological therapies, medication to improve anxiety, depression and other disorders, hospitalization and nutritional counseling, but mainly it's the strength of the patient that will help improve your health (Sciarani & Thomas, 2010).

Goals

Improve nutrition

Increase physical activity

Reduce obesity

Implementation of intervention and Strategies

There were no studies which had created some influence towards the issue, so Shape up Somerville was conducted. The agenda was obesity change intervention which displays some preferences, Eat smart and Play Hard. The introduction of first collaborative community based participatory research was done. The policy was to bring change to prevent obesity in children of age 8 - 12 (Blew et al., 2002).Many individuals & groups within the community plus children, parents, teachers, school food service providers, city departments, policy makers, healthcare providers, before & after school programs, restaurants, and the media were engaged in the intervention ...