No Smoking Campaigns: To what extent has raising awareness around the consequences of smoking impacted on teenagers from Tower Hamlets? Over the last 10 years

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank my supervisors, friends and family, without their support this research study would not have been possible.

DECLARATION

I adjudge that the entire content of this dissertation is entirely my own work; the content used in this dissertation has not been submitted before in any educational institution and represents my own opinion.

Signed __________________ Date _________________

ABSTRACT

This research study intended to examine the implementation of no smoking policy. The main focus of this research study is to investigate the effectiveness of no smoking campaigns have reached the young teenagers of tower hamlets. Over the last decade much attention has been awarded to no smoking campaigns from both national and local level. It is sought the extent in which smokers recognize the magnitude of the health risk of smoking makes a profound influence on their smoking behavior. There is a strong consensus among wider society and academic that smokers who notice greater health threat from smoking are more expected to intend to quit and to quit effectively. Thus, the government has addressed a number policies and inchoatives to encourage and support the population in reducing the number of people engaging in tobacco related activities. These include the regulation on tobacco advertisement, age restrictions and the national smoke free campaign. The findings of this research study indicate that implementing no smoking policies is fruitful for maintaining the healthy environment of schools. To keep away young teenagers of tower hamlets from the smoking and its hazard there is a need of a strong no smoking policy. This study provides a unique look at the implementation of 100% TFS policies adopted by school of tower hamlets. It is particularly timely since 100% TFS policies have been established in schools of tower hamlets, and more policy adoptions are planned. This study increases understanding of the implementation of 100% TFS policies in middle and secondary schools in tower hamlets by comparing several key dimensions of implementation and identifying factors that facilitate and hinder implementation. Comparisons across schools suggest that commonalities exist in the communication, compliance monitoring and enforcement of the policies, as well as some interesting differences.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

CHAPTER # 1: INTRODUCTION1

Background of the Study1

Problem Statement3

Aim of the Study4

Research Questions4

Significance of the Study4

Structure of the Dissertation5

CHAPTER # 2: LITERATURE REVIEW6

Legal Basis for Tobacco Regulation6

Economic Impact7

Impact on Smoking Behaviours8

Impact on Youth Smoking8

The Impact of Smoke-Free Bans10

Smoke-Free Bans and Youth Tobacco Use12

Smoking Cessation Self-Efficacy13

The Effects of Intervention on Self-Efficacy and Smoking Cessation16

The Role of the School Policy Environment in Preventing Student Tobacco Use17

Theoretical Basis for 100% Tobacco-Free School Policies22

CHAPTER # 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY28

Introduction28

Research Design28

Data Collection Method29

Primary research30

Secondary research30

Sampling frame and Sample Size31

Research Instrumentation31

Interviews32

Questionnaire32

Data Analysis32

Validity and Reliability33

Ethical Considerations34

CHAPTER # 4: RESEARCH FINDINGS36

Introduction36

Demography of Questionnaire Respondents36

Perception of Students about School's Smoking Policy38

Tobacco policy strictly followed and monitored in School42

Actions taken at school if a student violated the 100% tobacco-free school policy46

Interview Analysis49

CHAPTER # 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS51

Discussion51

Research ...