NETWORKING

TCP/IP and OSI Models

TCP/IP and OSI Models

History of OSI model

The OSI model or the Open Systems Interconnect model is the brain child of International Organization for Standardization (IOS). The model has two parts. One is the seven layer model and the other is an abstract model of networking. Charles Bachman of the Honeywell Information Services gave the concept of a seven layered model (Larmouth 1997, p. 2). This seven layered model was tested for its functionality in various forms that evolved over time. These forms include ARPANET, EIN, and others. In each of these models, the system was divided into several layers. There were several entities within the layers. The entities enabled the layers to perform their functions. The purpose of the entity was to facilitate the interaction of one layer with the other. These models kept evolving until the final model was constructed to be used.

History of TCP/IP model

TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. The history of TCP/IP is greatly influenced by the advancements in internet. They have both co-existed in the past. TCP/IP is something that made the implementation of internet possible. TCP/IP is used not only in the implementation of the internet but also other small networks. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA or ARPA) started the TCP/IP project many years back. After many years of extensive research, the final project came out in the year 1973 (Tulloch 2006, p. 27).

Comparison and contrast between TCP/IP and OSI model

Layers

The TCP/IP and the OSI model differ from each other on the basis of layers. The TCP/IP has four layers whereas the OSI has seven layers. The common layers between the two models include Application and Transport. The upper layers in OSI are Application (Layer 7), Presentation (Layer 6) and Session (Layer 5). The Upper ...