NERVOUS SYSTEM

Nervous System



Nervous system

Question 1.1:

The nervous system is the governing and coordinating all functions, conscious and unconscious body, consisting of the cerebrospinal system (brain and spinal cord), nerves, and the vegetative or autonomic system. Often compared the nervous system with a computer: for the peripheral units (internal organs or organs of the senses) provide a wealth of information through the transmission cables (nerves) to the central processing unit (brain) provided with your database (memory), orders, analyze, display and run (Squire et al., 2003, 256-262).

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The Brain

It is the most important part, consists of gray matter (outside) and white matter (inside), its surface is not smooth but have a few wrinkles or outgoing calls convolutions, and grooves called fissures, the most notable are called the Sylvian fissures and Rolando. This incompletely divided by a cleft into two parts, called hemispheres. In the hemispheres are distinguished areas called lobes, which bear the name of bone that are in contact. It weighs about 1.200g. Among its main functions are to control and regulate the operation of the other nerve centers, also in the sensations are received and processed the conscious responses to such situations. The organ of the intellectual faculties: attention, memory, etc (Hewett, 2009, 1717-1736).

The cerebellum

It is located behind the brain and is smaller (120 gr.). It is shaped like a butterfly with spread wings. It consists of three parts: two cerebellar hemispheres and the vermiform body. Outside is gray and white matter inside, the tree is shaped by what is called the tree of life. It coordinates movements of the muscles during walking (Posner, 2000, 873-889).

The medulla oblongata

It is the continuation of the bone that thickens as we enter the skull. Regulates the operation of heart and respiratory muscles, as well as the movements of chewing, coughing, sneezing, vomiting ... etc. So an injury to the bulb produces instant death by irreversible cardio-respiratory arrest.

The Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is a nerve cord, white, cylindrical column enclosed within cords. Its most important function is to drive through the nerves that are formed, the nerve current that carries the sensations to the brain and nerve impulses carrying the responses of the brain to the muscles.

Nerve

They are thin cords of nervous substance which branch by all organs of the body. Some from the brain and are called cranial nerves. Others go along the spinal cord: These are the spinal nerves.

Memory, Intelligence and Dream

Intelligence is the ability to adapt to new situations. In fact, it is not a skill set, but rather a sum of powers related, awarded by the cerebral cortex, the nerve layer that lines the entire human brain (Restak, 2001, 156-190).

The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The brain corresponds to the three organs that are located in the cavity of the skull which are the brain, the cerebellum and brain stem. The spinal cord is located in the spinal canal that results from the superposition of the vertebrae of the ...